State with specific examples the accomplishments made through plant breeding in India in the last 50 years for different objectives. Also comment on the undesirable consequences.
What are the components of genetic variation? Outline a biometrical method for determining gene action. How this information is utilized in crop improvement.
What do you understand by the term heritability? Describe the different methods to estimate heritability and comment on its utility to the plant breeder.
Mention the role of plant biotechnology in crop improvement and explain with examples the utility of these techniques to achieve specific objectives.
What is a QTL? Describe briefly the role of molecular markers in crop improvement.
Define the heterosis and explain its genetic basis. Mention in detail the exploitation of heterosis in rice and sunflower.
Define recurrent selection. Give a brief account of various types of recurrent selection employed for specific situations.
Write a short notes on:
(a) Stability parameters
(b) Stadler’s gamete selection
(c) Environmental sensitive genetic male sterility
(d) Evolution of allopolyploids
(e) Participatory plant breedingDifferentiate between the following:
(a) Single seed descent and bulk method
(b) Two line and three line methods of hybrid production
(c) Synthetic variety and synthetic seed
10. Write short notes on the following:
(a) UPOV
(b) IPGRI
(c) QPM (Quality Protein Maize)
(d) Bt Cotton
(e) Golden rice
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