🔵 1. The Green Revolution in India was launched in which year?
A) 1947
B) 1955
C) 1966
D) 1971
Answer: C) 1966
Rationale: The Green Revolution was introduced in 1966 to increase food grain production using high-yielding varieties (HYVs), irrigation, and fertilizers.
🔵 2. Who is known as the Father of the Green Revolution in India?
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) Norman Borlaug
C) C. Subramaniam
D) Verghese Kurien
Answer: A) M.S. Swaminathan
Rationale: He played a pivotal role in introducing and promoting HYV seeds in India.
🔵 3. The first agricultural census in India was conducted in:
A) 1950
B) 1960
C) 1970
D) 1976
Answer: C) 1970
Rationale: The first comprehensive agricultural census was undertaken in 1970–71.
🔵 4. The “Grow More Food” campaign was started in:
A) 1943
B) 1950
C) 1962
D) 1975
Answer: A) 1943
Rationale: Launched during World War II to overcome food shortages in colonial India.
🔵 5. Operation Flood, which revolutionized dairy farming, was launched by:
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) Verghese Kurien
C) C. Subramaniam
D) B.P. Pal
Answer: B) Verghese Kurien
Rationale: Known as the Father of the White Revolution, he led Operation Flood.
🔵 6. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) was established in:
A) 1929
B) 1945
C) 1965
D) 1974
Answer: A) 1929
Rationale: ICAR was founded as the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research in 1929.
🔵 7. The Second Green Revolution in India is aimed at improving:
A) Wheat productivity
B) Rice in Punjab
C) Agriculture in Eastern India
D) Agriculture in North India
Answer: C) Agriculture in Eastern India
Rationale: Focus is on sustainable farming and better irrigation in eastern states.
🔵 8. HYV seeds were first introduced in India in the year:
A) 1961
B) 1966
C) 1971
D) 1975
Answer: B) 1966
Rationale: HYVs of wheat and rice were introduced during the Green Revolution phase.
🔵 9. The National Food Security Mission (NFSM) was launched in:
A) 2005
B) 2007
C) 2010
D) 2012
Answer: B) 2007
Rationale: NFSM aimed to increase the production of rice, wheat, and pulses.
🔵 10. Who is known as the Father of the Green Revolution worldwide?
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) Norman Borlaug
C) Henry Wallace
D) Fritz Haber
Answer: B) Norman Borlaug
Rationale: His research on high-yielding wheat varieties revolutionized global agriculture.
🔵 11. The “Golden Revolution” in India refers to the development of:
A) Rice
B) Wheat
C) Horticulture
D) Milk
Answer: C) Horticulture
Rationale: The Golden Revolution promoted fruit, vegetables, flowers, and honey production.
🔵 12. The Blue Revolution is associated with:
A) Poultry farming
B) Aquaculture and fisheries
C) Horticulture
D) Floriculture
Answer: B) Aquaculture and fisheries
Rationale: It aimed at increasing fish production through better techniques and resources.
🔵 13. The National Agricultural Policy was introduced in which year?
A) 1995
B) 2000
C) 2005
D) 2010
Answer: B) 2000
Rationale: It aimed to promote sustainable agriculture and raise farmer incomes.
🔵 14. The 'Evergreen Revolution' term was coined by:
A) Norman Borlaug
B) Verghese Kurien
C) M.S. Swaminathan
D) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: C) M.S. Swaminathan
Rationale: He proposed this concept to promote environmentally sustainable agriculture.
🔵 15. Which Five-Year Plan first emphasized agriculture in India?
A) First Plan (1951–56)
B) Second Plan (1956–61)
C) Third Plan (1961–66)
D) Fourth Plan (1969–74)
Answer: A) First Plan (1951–56)
Rationale: It focused heavily on irrigation and land development.
🔵 16. The term 'Green Revolution' was first used by:
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) Norman Borlaug
C) William Gaud
D) Henry Wallace
Answer: C) William Gaud
Rationale: He coined the term in 1968 to describe agricultural advances.
🔵 17. In which state was the Green Revolution most successful?
A) Bihar
B) Punjab
C) Karnataka
D) Assam
Answer: B) Punjab
Rationale: Punjab saw dramatic increases in wheat and rice production.
🔵 18. The Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) was launched in:
A) 1978
B) 1980
C) 1982
D) 1985
Answer: B) 1980
Rationale: IRDP aimed to uplift rural poor through credit and subsidies.
🔵 19. The “White Revolution” was mainly focused on increasing production of:
A) Rice
B) Milk
C) Wheat
D) Pulses
Answer: B) Milk
Rationale: It significantly improved milk production and self-sufficiency.
🔵 20. The Blue Revolution began in India during the:
A) 1960s
B) 1970s
C) 1980s
D) 1990s
Answer: C) 1980s
Rationale: This period saw systematic efforts to improve fish production.
🔵 21. Who initiated the concept of 'Lab to Land' in Indian agriculture?
A) M.S. Swaminathan
B) C. Subramaniam
C) Indira Gandhi
D) Rajiv Gandhi
Answer: A) M.S. Swaminathan
Rationale: The "Lab to Land" program was initiated by ICAR under his leadership to transfer technologies to farmers.
🔵 22. The concept of Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) was developed by:
A) Subhash Palekar
B) M.S. Swaminathan
C) Anna Hazare
D) Sundarlal Bahuguna
Answer: A) Subhash Palekar
Rationale: He promoted farming without external chemical inputs or loans, hence "zero budget."
🔵 23. When was the Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) launched?
A) 2004
B) 2005
C) 2007
D) 2009
Answer: C) 2007
Rationale: RKVY aimed to incentivize states to invest more in agriculture.
🔵 24. The first Agricultural University in India was established in:
A) Pantnagar
B) Ludhiana
C) Hyderabad
D) Kanpur
Answer: A) Pantnagar
Rationale: GBPUAT, Pantnagar was the first agricultural university, established in 1960.
🔵 25. The National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) was launched under which plan?
A) National Food Security Act
B) National Action Plan on Climate Change
C) MGNREGA
D) PM-KISAN
Answer: B) National Action Plan on Climate Change
Rationale: NMSA focuses on climate-resilient agriculture practices.
🔵 26. Kisan Credit Card (KCC) scheme was introduced in the year:
A) 1995
B) 1998
C) 2001
D) 2005
Answer: B) 1998
Rationale: The KCC was launched to provide timely credit to farmers at low interest.
🔵 27. Who was the Agriculture Minister during the launch of the Green Revolution in India?
A) Lal Bahadur Shastri
B) Morarji Desai
C) C. Subramaniam
D) Jagjivan Ram
Answer: C) C. Subramaniam
Rationale: He played a key role in policy support and supply of HYV seeds and inputs.
🔵 28. The first Five-Year Plan focused mainly on:
A) Industrial development
B) Urban development
C) Agricultural development
D) Trade liberalization
Answer: C) Agricultural development
Rationale: About 44% of the plan outlay was allocated to agriculture and irrigation.
🔵 29. Which of the following was a major outcome of the Green Revolution?
A) Increased employment in villages
B) Rise in import of food grains
C) Self-sufficiency in food grains
D) Decline in use of irrigation
Answer: C) Self-sufficiency in food grains
Rationale: Food production grew rapidly, reducing India's dependence on imports.
🔵 30. Which revolution is associated with oilseed production in India?
A) Yellow Revolution
B) Silver Revolution
C) Brown Revolution
D) Green Revolution
Answer: A) Yellow Revolution
Rationale: It focused on increasing the production of mustard, sunflower, and other oilseeds.
🔵 31. The National Agriculture Market (eNAM) was launched in:
A) 2014
B) 2015
C) 2016
D) 2017
Answer: C) 2016
Rationale: eNAM was launched to create a unified national market for agricultural commodities.
🔵 32. Which revolution is known for increasing meat production?
A) Brown Revolution
B) Red Revolution
C) Grey Revolution
D) Golden Revolution
Answer: B) Red Revolution
Rationale: It focused on enhancing meat and tomato production in India.
🔵 33. The minimum support price (MSP) policy was formally started in which year?
A) 1964
B) 1966
C) 1968
D) 1970
Answer: C) 1968
Rationale: MSP was introduced to protect farmers from sharp falls in agricultural prices.
🔵 34. National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) was founded in:
A) 1960
B) 1965
C) 1970
D) 1975
Answer: B) 1965
Rationale: NDDB was set up to replicate the success of Operation Flood across India.
🔵 35. The lead crop of the Green Revolution in India was:
A) Rice
B) Maize
C) Wheat
D) Cotton
Answer: C) Wheat
Rationale: HYVs of wheat performed exceptionally well in Punjab and Haryana.
🔵 36. Which of the following committees recommended land reforms in India?
A) Rangarajan Committee
B) Dantwala Committee
C) Balwant Rai Mehta Committee
D) Gadgil Committee
Answer: B) Dantwala Committee
Rationale: It recommended land ceiling and redistribution measures.
🔵 37. The "Package Program" for intensive agriculture was first introduced in:
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Uttar Pradesh
C) Punjab
D) Haryana
Answer: B) Uttar Pradesh
Rationale: It was introduced in 1960–61 in selected districts including Aligarh in UP.
🔵 38. NABARD was established in which year?
A) 1975
B) 1980
C) 1982
D) 1985
Answer: C) 1982
Rationale: NABARD was formed to finance agriculture and rural development.
🔵 39. Which crop was prioritized in the Golden Revolution?
A) Oilseeds
B) Fruits and vegetables
C) Wheat
D) Cotton
Answer: B) Fruits and vegetables
Rationale: Golden Revolution aimed at enhancing horticultural output.
🔵 40. The Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) was established in:
A) 1889
B) 1905
C) 1920
D) 1948
Answer: B) 1905
Rationale: IARI began in Pusa, Bihar and later shifted to New Delhi.
🔵 41. The Food Corporation of India (FCI) was established in the year:
A) 1956
B) 1960
C) 1965
D) 1972
Answer: C) 1965
Rationale: FCI was created to procure, store, and distribute food grains efficiently.
🔵 42. Who developed the ‘High Yielding Variety Programme’?
A) C. Subramaniam
B) M.S. Swaminathan
C) ICAR
D) Planning Commission
Answer: A) C. Subramaniam
Rationale: He introduced and implemented the HYVP in the 1960s.
🔵 43. The National Horticulture Mission was launched in:
A) 2001
B) 2003
C) 2005
D) 2007
Answer: C) 2005
Rationale: The mission promotes integrated development of the horticulture sector.
🔵 44. Land ceiling legislation aims at:
A) Encouraging large-scale farming
B) Increasing land prices
C) Preventing land fragmentation
D) Redistributing surplus land
Answer: D) Redistributing surplus land
Rationale: It ensures equitable distribution by setting maximum land ownership limits.
🔵 45. Intensive Agriculture Development Program (IADP) started in:
A) 1955
B) 1960
C) 1965
D) 1970
Answer: B) 1960
Rationale: IADP was the first major step toward modernizing Indian agriculture.
🔵 46. The major objective of the Green Revolution was to:
A) Increase agricultural exports
B) Achieve self-sufficiency in food grains
C) Improve rural infrastructure
D) Reduce landholding size
Answer: B) Achieve self-sufficiency in food grains
Rationale: India aimed to stop food grain imports through domestic production.
🔵 47. The Central Rice Research Institute is located in:
A) Hyderabad
B) Cuttack
C) Coimbatore
D) Karnal
Answer: B) Cuttack
Rationale: CRRI focuses on rice research and development in eastern India.
🔵 48. The National Seeds Corporation was founded in:
A) 1950
B) 1963
C) 1972
D) 1980
Answer: B) 1963
Rationale: It ensures production and supply of quality seeds to farmers.
🔵 49. Who introduced the term "Evergreen Revolution"?
A) Norman Borlaug
B) Subhash Palekar
C) M.S. Swaminathan
D) C. Subramaniam
Answer: C) M.S. Swaminathan
Rationale: He emphasized sustainable, eco-friendly food production systems.
🔵 50. Which country assisted India during the Green Revolution with wheat varieties?
A) UK
B) USA
C) Mexico
D) Australia
Answer: C) Mexico
Rationale: Mexico, under Norman Borlaug, provided dwarf wheat varieties like Lerma Rojo and Sonora-64.
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