ADVANCES IN BREEDING OF MAJOR FIELD CROPS (Question Paper )

 

  I. Write down the centre of origin of the following crops along with chromosome number:

1. Pigeonpea
2. Wheat
3. Sorghum
4. Chickpea
5. Sunflower
6. Sugarcane
7. Cotton
8. Groundnut
9. Tobacco
10. Mustard

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II. Write down the genome size of the following crops:

1. Rice
2. Sorghum
3. Sunflower
4. Groundnut
5. Pigeonpea

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III. Write the institutes which work on the following crops:

1. Soybean
2. Maize
3. Chilli
4. Bajra
5. Tobacco

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IV. Answer the questions in brief:

1. Explain in brief the noblisation of Indian sugarcane and species characteristics/differences.
2. Explain heterosis breeding.
3. Explain in brief the evolution of Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense.
4. Explain heterosis breeding in Rice.
5. Explain breeding objectives in tobacco.

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V. Explain the following questions in detail:

1. What is haploid and double haploids? Explain production of haploids and double haploids in brief and its role in plant breeding.
2. Explain genomic selection in crop improvement.
3. What is pre-breeding? Explain the role of pre-breeding in crop improvement with suitable examples.
4. Write down the breeding objectives and breeding methods in sunflower and explain in detail the Pustovoit method of variety development in sunflower.
5. What is biofortification? Explain in detail with respect to sorghum, maize, and bajra.