Agronomy Pointers 3

• Sorghum can withstand drought conditions.
• Pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum) originates from Western Africa.
• Bajra (Pearl millet) is known as "poor man's food."
• Ragi/Finger millet is scientifically called Eleusine coracana.
• Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) matures quickly and resists drought.
• Barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea) tolerates waterlogging.
• Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) is a coarse and drought-resistant grain.
• Foxtail millet is scientifically named Setaria italica.
• The fruit of legumes is a pod.
• Lentil contains 25% protein, Urd & Mung 24%, Arhar 22%, Gram 21%.
• Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is also known as Bengal gram.
• Kabuli chickpea is Cicer kabulium.
• Critical irrigation stage for gram is pre-flowering and pod formation.
• Nipping of gram at 30-40 DAS enhances lateral branching and yield.
• TIBA (Tri iodo benzoic acid) is used in gram nipping.
• Arhar/Red gram is Cajanus cajan.
• Tall bushy pigeon pea plants are Cajanus indicus var. bicolor, smaller early-maturing ones are Cajanus indicus var. flavus.
• ICPH-8 is the first hybrid variety of red gram.
• Flint corn (Zea mays indurata) is grown in India.
• Dent corn (Zea mays indentata) has dented kernels.
• Popcorn (Zea mays everta) is a special popping variety.
• Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata) is rich in sugar.
• Flour corn (Zea mays amylacea) is used for flour production.
• Pod corn (Zea mays tunicata) has husk-covered kernels.
• Waxy corn (Zea mays ceratina) contains amylopectin starch.
• Brace roots in maize provide anchorage.
• Coronal roots in maize are underground adventitious roots.
• Composite maize varieties include Jawahar, Vijay, Protina, Rattan.
• Hybrid maize varieties include Ganga safed, Him 123, Pioneer 30V92.
• Opaque 2 gene in maize improves protein quality.
• Biofortification enhances the nutritional value of crops.
• Oats (Avena sativa) is an important cereal.
• Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is drought-resistant and salt-tolerant.
• Ethiopia is the center of origin of cultivated sorghum.
• BSR-1 is a perennial red gram variety.
• Green gram (Vigna radiata) is also called Moong.
• Black gram (Vigna mungo) is Urd.
• Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a drought-tolerant pulse.
• Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) is a hardy pulse crop.
• Yellow vein mosaic (YVM) affects black gram and green gram.
• Varieties resistant to YVM include PU-31, TBG-104, GBG-1.
• Garden pea (Pisum sativum var. hortense) is used as a vegetable.
• Field pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense) is used as a pulse.
• Pea grows best at 13-18°C.
• Soybean (Glycine max) has 40% protein content.
• Lathyrus sativus (Khesari dal) contains neurotoxin causing lathyrism.
• Low-neurotoxin Lathyrus varieties include Pusa 24, Ratan.
• Groundnut contains 45% oil.
• Sesamum indicum (Sesame) contains 50% oil.
• Brassica (Mustard) oil content ranges from 40-45%.
• Sunflower oil content varies from 45-50%.
• Soybean oil content is around 20%.
• Bunchy groundnut seed rate is 80-100 kg/ha with a yield of 15-20 q/ha.
• Spreading groundnut seed rate is 60-80 kg/ha with a yield of 20-30 q/ha.
• Sesamum seed rate is 3-4 kg/ha with a yield of 8-10 q/ha.
• Mustard seed rate is 5-6 kg/ha with a yield of 20-25 q/ha.