The insect head is essentially a capsule which encloses the brain and bears the usually external (ectognathous) mouthparts, the eyes and a pair of sensory antennae. The mouth part comprise basic sections as:

A. An ‘upper lip’ (labrum), lower (ventral) surface of which forms the epipharynx

B. a tongue-like hypopharynx; the jaws (mandibles)

C. The paired maxillae and a ‘lower lip’ (labium).