Genetics and Plant Breeding Abbreviations

 

• AFLP: Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism
• AMMI: Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction
• ANOVA: Analysis of Variance
• AMOVA: Analysis of Molecular Variance
• AUDPC: Area Under the Disease Progress Curve
• BAC: Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes
• BILs: Backcross Inbred Lines
• Bp: Base pair(s)
• cDNA: Complementary DNA
• CHA: Chemical Hybridizing Agent
• cM: Centimorgan
• CMS: Cytoplasmic Male Sterility
• CSSLs: Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines
• dATP: Deoxyadenosine triphosphate
• dCTP: Deoxycytidine triphosphate
• dGTP: Deoxyguanine triphosphate
• DH: Doubled haploid
• Dnase: Deoxyribonuclease
• dNTP: Deoxyribonucleotide
• dUTP: Deoxuridine triphosphate
• EDTA: Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid
• EGMS: Environment-induced Genic Male Sterility
• ELISA: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• EMS: Ethyl Methane Sulfonate
• EST: Expressed Sequence Tag
• FNP: Functional Nucleotide Polymorphism
• GCA: General Combining Ability
• GEAC: Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
• GIS: Geographic Information System
• GM: Genetically Modified
• HEPA: High-Efficiency Particulate Air
• HFCS: High-Fructose Corn Syrup
• HPLC: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
• IRAP: Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism
• ISSR: Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat
• Kb: Kilobases
• LD50: Lethal dose/fifty
• MAS: Marker-Assisted Selection
• Mb: Mega basepairs
• mRNA: Messenger RNA
• mtDNA: Mitochondrial DNA
• NILs: Near-isogenic lines
• PAGE: Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
• PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction
• PEG: Polyethylene Glycol
• PFGE: Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis
• PMCs: Pollen Mother Cells
• QTL: Quantitative Trait Loci
• RAPD: Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
• RCB: Randomized-Complete Block
• REMAP: Retrotransposon-Microsatellite Amplified Polymorphism
• RFLP: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
• RILs: Recombinant Inbred Lines
• RNase: Ribonuclease
• RT-PCR: Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction
• SAMPL: Selective Amplification of Microsatellite Polymorphic Loci
• SAUDPC: Standardized Area Under the Disease Progress Curve
• SCA: Specific Combining Ability
• SCAR: Sequence-Characterized Amplified Region
• SDS: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
• SDS-PAGE: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis
• SNP: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
• SSD: Single Seed Descent
• SSLP: Simple Sequence Length Polymorphism
• SSR: Simple Sequence Repeat
• STMS: Sequence Tagged Microsatellite Site
• STS: Sequence Tagged Site
• Ti plasmid: Tumor-inducing plasmid
• Tm: Melting temperature of DNA
• TRIM: Terminal-repeat Retrotransposon in Miniature
• VIGS: Virus-Induced Gene Silencing
• WGA: Whole Genome Amplification
• YAC: Yeast Artificial Chromosome

Abbreviations Related to National and International Research Institutes

• BARC: Baba Atomic Research Center – Mumbai
• CARI: Central Agricultural Research Institute – Port Blair (Andaman & Nicobar)
• CAZRI: Central Arid Zone Research Institute – Jodhpur
• CCMB: Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology – Hyderabad
• CDFD: Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics – Hyderabad
• CDRI: Central Drug Research Institute – Lucknow
• CFTRI: Central Food Technological Research Institute – Mysore
• CGIAR: Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
• CIAT: International Centre for Tropical Agriculture – Colombia
• CICR: Central Institute for Cotton Research – Nagpur
• CIMAP: Central Institute for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants – Lucknow and Hyderabad
• CIMMYT: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Mexico (Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz y Trigo)
• CIP: International Potato Center – Peru
• CPMB: Center for Plant Molecular Biology – 7 centers
• CPRI: Central Potato Research Institute – Shimla
• CRIDA: Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture – Hyderabad
• CRIJAF: Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres – Barrackpore
• CRRI: Central Rice Research Institute – Cuttack
• CSSRI: Central Soil Salinity Research Institute – Karnal
• CTCRI: Central Tuber Crops Research Institute – Trivandrum
• DMR: Directorate of Maize Research – New Delhi
• DOR: Directorate of Oilseed Research – Hyderabad
• DRR: Directorate of Rice Research – Hyderabad
• DWR: Directorate of Wheat Research – Karnal
• FAO: Food and Agricultural Organization – Geneva
• IARI: Indian Agricultural Research Institute – New Delhi
• ICAR: Indian Council of Agricultural Research – New Delhi
• ICARDA: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas – Italy
• ICRISAT: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics – Hyderabad
• ICRO: International Cell Research Organization
• IGFRI: Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute – Jhansi
• IIB: International Institute of Biotechnology – Canterbury, Kent, UK
• IIHR: Indian Institute of Horticultural Research – Bangalore
• IIPR: Indian Institute of Pulses Research – Kanpur
• IISC: Indian Institute of Science – Bangalore
• IISR: Indian Institute of Spice Research – Calicut
• IISR: Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research – Lucknow
• IIT: Indian Institute of Technology – Kanpur, New Delhi
• IITA: International Institute for Tropical Agriculture – Nigeria
• IIVR: Indian Institute of Vegetable Research – Varanasi
• IMTECH: Institute of Microbial Technology – Chandigarh
• IRRI: International Rice Research Institute – Philippines
• IVRI: Indian Veterinary Research Institute – Izatnagar
• JNU: Jawaharlal Nehru University – New Delhi
• MRC: Malaria Research Center – New Delhi
• NCL: National Chemical Laboratory – Pune
• NDRI: National Dairy Research Institute – Karnal
• NIM/NII: National Institute of Immunology – New Delhi
• RRL: Regional Research Laboratory – Jammu
• SBI: Sugarcane Breeding Institute – Coimbatore
• UNEP: United Nations Environment Programme
• VPKAS: Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Shala – Almora