GPB MCQ Quiz 174 for ICAR JRF/SRF/ARS Exam Preparation

In case of clonal/vegetatively propagated crop which type of cell division occurred?

A) Mitosis

B) Meiosis

C) Both A and B

D) Uncertain

Explanation: Vegetatively propagated crops reproduce via mitosis.

Origin of genetic variation within clones is due to

A) Bud mutation

B) Occasional sexual reproduction

C) Mechanical mixer

D) All of these

Explanation: Genetic variation arises from bud mutations, occasional sexual reproduction, and mechanical mixing.

Cell of an individual that consist two or more different genotypes is known as

A) Chimera

B) Mericlinal

C) Clone

D) Periclinal

Explanation: Chimeras contain two or more genotypes within a single organism.

Genetic constitution of clone is

A) Heterozygous & homogeneous

B) Homozygous & homogeneous

C) Homozygous & heterogeneous

D) Heterozygous & heterogeneous

Explanation: Clones are genetically heterozygous but uniform (homogeneous).

Clone is maintained by

A) Sexual reproduction

B) Self pollination

C) Asexual reproduction

D) Cross pollination

Explanation: Clones are maintained through asexual propagation.

Asexually propagated crops differ from sexual propagated with respect to

A) Heterozygosity

B) Breeding material

C) Identical with each other

D) Homozygosity

Explanation: Asexual propagation preserves heterozygosity and serves as stable breeding material.

Clone degeneration leads to

A) Increase vigour & productivity

B) Homozygosity

C) Heterozygosity

D) Decrease vigour & productivity

Explanation: Clone degeneration can sometimes paradoxically increase vigor and productivity in initial generations.

An allopolyploids which arise by combining genomes of two diploid species is known as

A) Diploidization

B) Autosyndesis

C) Autosyndesis

D) Amphidiploid

Explanation: Amphidiploids are allopolyploids formed by combining complete genomes of two diploid species.

Which of the following method considered as a special breeding method?

A) Back cross breeding

B) Ploidy breeding

C) Pedigree breeding

D) All of these

Explanation: Ploidy breeding involves manipulation of chromosome number and is considered a special method.

Triticale was developed from cross between

A) Wheat and Barley

B) Wheat and Maize

C) Wheat and Rice

D) Wheat and Rye

Explanation: Triticale is a hybrid of wheat and rye.

The Raphanobrassica result due to combination of

A) Radish and Cauliflower

B) Radish and Cabbage

C) Radish and Mustard

D) Radish and Turnip

Explanation: Raphanobrassica is a combination of radish and cabbage.

A mutation arise due to treatment of mutagenic agents

A) Spontaneous mutation

B) Induced mutation

C) Somatic mutation

D) None of these

Explanation: Induced mutations occur due to exposure to mutagenic agents.

The process of shifting hydrogen atom from one position to another in purine or pyrimidine base is called

A) Base analogues

B) Radiation

C) Ionization

D) Tautamerization

Explanation: Tautomerization is the shift of hydrogen atoms between positions in a nucleotide base.

Sharbati Sonara is mutant variety of

A) Rice

B) Maize

C) Barley

D) Wheat

Explanation: Sharbati Sonara is a mutant wheat variety.

A numerical change in entire genome is called

A) Haploid

B) Euploidy

C) Heteroploidy

D) Hypoploidy

Explanation: Euploidy refers to a change in the number of complete sets of chromosomes.

Change of one or few chromosomes in entire genome is called

A) Haploidy

B) Aneuploidy

C) Euploidy

D) Allopolyploid

Explanation: Aneuploidy is the gain or loss of one or a few chromosomes.

An individual having more than two basic set of chromosomes

A) Haploidy

B) Aneuploidy

C) Heteroploidy

D) Polyploidy

Explanation: Polyploids have more than two sets of chromosomes.

Polyploids which originate by multiplication of chromosome of a single species

A) Amphidiploid

B) Autopolyploidy

C) Diploidization

D) Allopolyploids

Explanation: Autopolyploids arise by duplication of chromosomes within a single species.

A polyploid individual which combines complete genome from two or more species

A) Amphidiploid

B) Autopolyploidy

C) Diploidization

D) Allopolyploids

Explanation: Allopolyploids combine complete genomes from two or more species.

The process by which a polyploid species behaves like a diploid species is called

A) Disomic

B) Autopolyploidy

C) Diploidization

D) Allopolyploids

Explanation: Diploidization allows polyploids to behave cytogenetically like diploids.

Which of the following is an example of artificial alloploids

A) Rice

B) Triticale

C) Bananas

D) Grapes

Explanation: Triticale is an artificially created allopolyploid from wheat and rye.

Which of the following are types of distant hybridization?

A) Interspecific and Intervarietal hybridization

B) Interspecific & Intergeneric hybridization

C) Intraspecific and Intrageneric hybridization

D) Interspecific and Intraspecific hybridization

Explanation: Distant hybridization includes interspecific and intergeneric crosses.

Intrageneric hybridization give rise to type of hybrid

A) Fully fertile

B) Fully sterile

C) Partially fertile

D) All of these

Explanation: Intrageneric hybrids may be fully fertile, partially fertile, or sterile.

The first intergeneric cross between wheat and rye was made by

A) Rimpu (1890)

B) Shull (1914)

C) Karpenchenko (1928)

D) Kolreuter (1617)

Explanation: Rimpu (1890) conducted the first wheat × rye intergeneric cross.

Intergeneric cross between radish and cabbage was made by

A) Rimpu (1890)

B) Shull (1914)

C) Karpenchenko (1928)

D) Kolreuter (1617)

Explanation: Karpenchenko made the first intergeneric radish × cabbage cross in 1928.

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