Mutation refers to sudden heritable change in the phenotype of an individual. In molecular term mutation is defined as the permanent and relatively rare change in the number of sequence of nucleotides.
The term mutation was coined by Hugo De Vries in 1901. He pointed out that spontaneous mutations are potential sources of creating new variability in the natural populations. The new variations created by spontaneous mutations is heritable and plays an important role in the process of natural evolution.
1) Mutations provide heritable variation for the natural selection to operate and bring evolutionary changes in the population.
2) Mutations do occur in nature ( Spontaneous mutations ) as well as can be induced by physical and chemical mutagens.
3) Mutations play important role in the current phase of crop evolution by improving various traits.
4) Mutations play important role in inducing male sterility and improving crop adaptation. Mutation sometimes lead to formation of new species.
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