Essential Reference Books in Plant Breeding: Foundations of Modern Crop Improvement

Plant breeding, the art and science of developing superior crop varieties, stands on the solid foundation of decades of research, experimentation and innovation. Behind every successful plant breeder lies a library of classic reference booksworks that have shaped understanding, methodology and modern breeding practices. The following key texts have been consulted extensively in the preparation of this manuscript, each contributing valuable insights into different facets of plant breeding and genetics.

1. Plant Breeding: Principles and Methods – B. D. Singh

Often considered the “Bible of Plant Breeding” in India, B. D. Singh’s book provides a comprehensive overview of both conventional and modern breeding techniques. From hybridization and mutation breeding to molecular approaches, it remains an indispensable resource for students and professionals alike.

2. Essentials of Plant Breeding – Phundan Singh

This book simplifies the core concepts of breeding and genetics, making it ideal for beginners. It bridges theoretical understanding with applied aspects, helping readers grasp the fundamentals required for practical breeding work.

3. Principles and Practice of Plant Breeding – J. R. Sharma

J. R. Sharma’s work emphasizes the scientific principles governing plant improvement and their practical implementation in field and laboratory conditions. It stands out for its clear explanation of selection methods and hybridization strategies.

4. The Heterosis Phenomenon – B. J. Mukharji

A specialized text focusing on the genetic basis and exploitation of heterosis (hybrid vigor), this book provides a deep dive into the mechanisms that drive hybrid performance—a cornerstone concept in hybrid seed production.

5. Cytogenetics – P. K. Gupta

P. K. Gupta’s book is an authoritative text on chromosome behavior and structure. Understanding cytogenetics is essential for interpreting inheritance, chromosomal aberrations, and polyploidy in breeding programs.

6. Introduction to Plant Biotechnology – H. S. Chawla

This work introduces readers to molecular tools that have revolutionized plant breeding—such as tissue culture, genetic engineering, and marker-assisted selection—bridging the gap between traditional and modern biotechnology-driven breeding.

7. Principles and Procedures of Plant Breeding – Chahal and Gosal

Chahal and Gosal’s text provides a detailed discussion of breeding methodologies and the integration of biotechnological tools in crop improvement. It is a valuable guide for both classical and molecular breeders.

8. Principles of Plant Breeding and Genetics – Aquaah

Aquaah’s globally recognized text offers a strong conceptual framework in plant genetics and breeding. Its balanced treatment of theory and application makes it a favorite among international scholars.

9. Hybrid Seed Production of Seed Crops – N. C. Singhal

This practical manual focuses on hybrid seed production technology—a vital aspect of modern agriculture. It provides protocols and management practices necessary for producing high-quality hybrid seeds in various crops.

10. Quantitative Genetics – Falconer and Mackay

A classic text in genetic theory, this book explains the statistical and biometrical principles underlying quantitative traits. It remains essential for understanding inheritance in complex traits such as yield, quality, and stress tolerance.

11. Plant Breeding: Theory and Practice – V. L. Chopra

V. L. Chopra’s contributions bring a balanced mix of theoretical knowledge and field applications. His book explores the evolution of plant breeding in the context of global food security and sustainable agriculture.

12. Breeding Field Crops – V. L. Chopra

This book focuses on practical breeding of major field crops, covering selection methods, hybridization techniques, and case studies relevant to Indian and global agriculture.

13. Biometrical Techniques in Plant Breeding – Phundan Singh

Statistical tools form the backbone of breeding research. Phundan Singh’s book guides researchers in applying biometrical and statistical analyses to evaluate genetic variability, heritability, and correlations among traits.

14. Breeding Field Crops – David Allen Sleper & John Milton Poehiman

An internationally acclaimed textbook, this work provides a global perspective on breeding field crops, integrating classical and molecular breeding approaches. It is particularly valuable for its practical examples and applied focus.