1. Mango belongs to the family:
A. Rutaceae
B. Anacardiaceae
C. Sapindaceae
D. Myrtaceae
Answer: B
Rationale: Mango is taxonomically classified under the family Anacardiaceae.
2. The center of origin of mango is:
A. Africa
B. South America
C. Indo-Burma region
D. Australia
Answer: C
Rationale: Mango originated in the Indo-Burma region, particularly India and Myanmar.
3. The edible portion of mango fruit is:
A. Endocarp
B. Mesocarp
C. Epicarp
D. Seed coat
Answer: B
Rationale: The fleshy mesocarp constitutes the edible portion.
4. Mango inflorescence is known as:
A. Spadix
B. Raceme
C. Panicle
D. Umbel
Answer: C
Rationale: Mango bears a terminal panicle inflorescence.
5. The predominant type of flower in mango panicle is:
A. Male
B. Female
C. Bisexual
D. Sterile
Answer: A
Rationale: Male flowers are more numerous than bisexual flowers.
6. The phenomenon of irregular bearing in mango is called:
A. Biennial bearing
B. Seasonal bearing
C. Alternate bearing
D. Periodic bearing
Answer: C
Rationale: Mango often bears heavy crops in alternate years.
7. Which hormone is commonly used to control alternate bearing in mango?
A. IAA
B. GA₃
C. NAA
D. Paclobutrazol
Answer: D
Rationale: Paclobutrazol suppresses vegetative growth and promotes flowering.
8. Polyembryony in mango is mainly due to:
A. Sexual embryos
B. Adventive embryos
C. Zygotic embryos
D. Endospermic embryos
Answer: B
Rationale: Polyembryony arises from nucellar (adventive) embryos.
9. Which mango variety is polyembryonic?
A. Alphonso
B. Dashehari
C. Totapuri
D. Langra
Answer: C
Rationale: Totapuri is a known polyembryonic cultivar.
10. Ideal soil pH for mango cultivation is:
A. 4.0–5.0
B. 5.5–7.5
C. 8.0–9.0
D. Below 4.0
Answer: B
Rationale: Mango prefers slightly acidic to neutral soils.
11. The best method of propagation in mango is:
A. Seed propagation
B. Air layering
C. Veneer grafting
D. Cutting
Answer: C
Rationale: Veneer grafting ensures true-to-type plants and early bearing.
12. Which rootstock is tolerant to salinity?
A. Dashehari
B. Kurukkan
C. Alphonso
D. Langra
Answer: B
Rationale: Kurukkan is known for salt tolerance.
13. Malformation in mango is mainly caused by:
A. Virus
B. Bacteria
C. Fungus (Fusarium)
D. Nematode
Answer: C
Rationale: Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans causes malformation.
14. Which insect is the most destructive pest of mango?
A. Fruit fly
B. Mango hopper
C. Stem borer
D. Red ant
Answer: B
Rationale: Mango hopper causes heavy flower and fruit drop.
15. Mango hopper population is highest during:
A. Vegetative phase
B. Flowering season
C. Fruit maturity
D. Dormant phase
Answer: B
Rationale: Hoppers attack panicles during flowering.
16. Spongy tissue disorder is common in:
A. Dashehari
B. Langra
C. Alphonso
D. Banganapalli
Answer: C
Rationale: Alphonso is highly susceptible to spongy tissue.
17. Black tip of mango is mainly caused by:
A. Nutrient deficiency
B. Smoke injury
C. Fungal infection
D. Insect damage
Answer: B
Rationale: Emission of harmful gases from brick kilns causes black tip.
18. The critical stage for irrigation in mango is:
A. Vegetative growth
B. Flowering and fruit set
C. Dormant phase
D. Leaf fall stage
Answer: B
Rationale: Moisture stress during flowering reduces fruit set.
19. Which nutrient deficiency causes internal necrosis in mango?
A. Nitrogen
B. Zinc
C. Boron
D. Potassium
Answer: C
Rationale: Boron deficiency leads to internal necrosis and poor fruit quality.
20. The common spacing for mango orchards is:
A. 4 × 4 m
B. 6 × 6 m
C. 10 × 10 m
D. 12 × 12 m
Answer: C
Rationale: Traditional mango orchards use wider spacing.
21. High density planting in mango generally uses spacing:
A. 10 × 10 m
B. 8 × 8 m
C. 5 × 5 m
D. 3 × 3 m
Answer: C
Rationale: High density planting allows more trees per unit area.
22. Which mango variety is known as “King of Mangoes”?
A. Dashehari
B. Langra
C. Alphonso
D. Totapuri
Answer: C
Rationale: Alphonso is renowned for superior flavor and aroma.
23. The bearing habit of mango is:
A. Terminal
B. Axillary
C. Cauliflorous
D. Basal
Answer: A
Rationale: Flowers are borne terminally on shoots.
24. Mango fruit is botanically classified as:
A. Berry
B. Drupe
C. Pome
D. Capsule
Answer: B
Rationale: Mango is a drupe with a hard endocarp.
25. The major carbohydrate stored in mango tree is:
A. Starch
B. Sucrose
C. Glucose
D. Fructose
Answer: A
Rationale: Starch reserves support flowering and fruiting.
26. Which practice improves fruit retention in mango?
A. Ringing
B. Pruning
C. Mulching
D. Smudging
Answer: A
Rationale: Ringing reduces downward movement of carbohydrates.
27. Mango is commercially propagated mainly because:
A. Seeds germinate easily
B. Vegetative methods ensure uniformity
C. Plants are self-pollinated
D. It is a short-duration crop
Answer: B
Rationale: Vegetative propagation maintains varietal traits.
28. The optimum temperature for mango flowering is:
A. 10–15°C
B. 15–20°C
C. 20–25°C
D. 30–35°C
Answer: C
Rationale: Moderate temperatures favor floral induction.
29. Which mango variety is suitable for processing?
A. Alphonso
B. Totapuri
C. Langra
D. Kesar
Answer: B
Rationale: Totapuri has firm flesh and good recovery.
30. Jelly seed disorder is related to deficiency of:
A. Calcium
B. Boron
C. Zinc
D. Iron
Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium deficiency weakens cell walls.
31. Which growth regulator is used to increase fruit size?
A. GA₃
B. CCC
C. Ethrel
D. MH
Answer: A
Rationale: GA₃ promotes cell elongation and fruit growth.
32. The number of chromosomes in mango is:
A. 20
B. 24
C. 40
D. 48
Answer: B
Rationale: Mango has 2n = 40? Wait correction → Mango has 2n = 40?
⚠️ Correction needed: Mango chromosome number is 2n = 40.
So revise:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mango has 2n = 40 chromosomes.
33. Which region leads in mango production in India?
A. Maharashtra
B. Andhra Pradesh
C. Uttar Pradesh
D. Karnataka
Answer: B
Rationale: Andhra Pradesh has the highest mango production.
34. The physiological drop in mango occurs due to:
A. Pest attack
B. Hormonal imbalance
C. Nutrient toxicity
D. Disease infection
Answer: B
Rationale: Natural hormonal imbalance causes fruit drop.
35. The recommended age for top-working in mango is:
A. 1–2 years
B. 3–4 years
C. 5–10 years
D. Above 20 years
Answer: C
Rationale: Middle-aged trees respond best to top-working.
36. Which mango variety is suitable for north India?
A. Alphonso
B. Dashehari
C. Totapuri
D. Neelum
Answer: B
Rationale: Dashehari adapts well to subtropical conditions.
37. Mango fruit fly belongs to the genus:
A. Bactrocera
B. Helicoverpa
C. Spodoptera
D. Earias
Answer: A
Rationale: Bactrocera dorsalis is the major fruit fly.
38. Smudging in mango orchards is done to:
A. Increase temperature
B. Reduce humidity
C. Control pests
D. Induce flowering
Answer: D
Rationale: Smoke induces flowering under unfavorable conditions.
39. The maturity index of mango is judged by:
A. Fruit size
B. Fruit color
C. Shoulder development
D. Seed hardness
Answer: C
Rationale: Well-developed shoulders indicate maturity.
40. Which deficiency causes little leaf and rosette in mango?
A. Iron
B. Zinc
C. Boron
D. Copper
Answer: B
Rationale: Zinc deficiency leads to little leaf disorder.
41. Mango is mainly pollinated by:
A. Wind
B. Bees
C. Flies
D. Butterflies
Answer: C
Rationale: Flies are the primary pollinators in mango.
42. The commercial life span of mango orchard is:
A. 20–30 years
B. 30–40 years
C. 50–60 years
D. 80–100 years
Answer: D
Rationale: Mango trees are long-lived and productive.
43. Which disorder is caused by excess nitrogen?
A. Spongy tissue
B. Excess vegetative growth
C. Black tip
D. Malformation
Answer: B
Rationale: Excess nitrogen promotes vegetative growth at the cost of flowering.
44. The best time for planting mango in India is:
A. Summer
B. Winter
C. Monsoon
D. Spring
Answer: C
Rationale: Monsoon ensures good establishment.
45. The practice of removing excess fruits is called:
A. Pruning
B. Thinning
C. Ringing
D. Training
Answer: B
Rationale: Thinning improves fruit size and quality.
46. Which mango variety is known for regular bearing?
A. Alphonso
B. Langra
C. Neelum
D. Dashehari
Answer: C
Rationale: Neelum is a regular bearer.
47. The major post-harvest disease of mango is:
A. Powdery mildew
B. Anthracnose
C. Die back
D. Rust
Answer: B
Rationale: Anthracnose causes major post-harvest losses.
48. Hot water treatment of mango fruits is mainly for control of:
A. Anthracnose
B. Fruit fly
C. Powdery mildew
D. Bacterial rot
Answer: B
Rationale: Hot water treatment kills fruit fly eggs and larvae.
49. Mango kernel is rich in:
A. Protein
B. Oil
C. Fiber
D. Sugar
Answer: B
Rationale: Mango kernel contains edible fat used industrially.
50. Which factor most influences mango flowering?
A. Day length
B. Soil fertility
C. Temperature variation
D. Rainfall intensity
Answer: C
Rationale: Cool temperature stress is crucial for floral induction.
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