Types of Agriculture (Class 8 – Standard Answer)
Agriculture can be classified into different types based on the purpose of farming, scale of operation, and methods used. The main types of agriculture are:
Subsistence Agriculture
Farming done mainly to meet the food requirements of the farmer and their family, using small landholdings and simple tools.
Commercial Agriculture
Crops and livestock are produced mainly for sale in the market. It involves the use of modern technology, machinery, and inputs.
Plantation Agriculture
A single crop is grown on large estates using hired labour, mainly for export. Examples include tea, coffee, rubber, and sugarcane.
Mixed Farming
Both crop cultivation and livestock rearing are practiced together on the same farm.
Shifting Agriculture
Land is cultivated for a few years and then left fallow while farmers move to a new area, allowing soil fertility to recover.
Intensive Agriculture
High use of labour, fertilizers, and irrigation on small land areas to obtain high yields.
Extensive Agriculture
Practiced on large areas of land with low inputs of labour and capital, resulting in lower yield per unit area.
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