Genetics and Plant Breeding pointers 22

 

• Stamens are usually three in the cereals crops except Rice (6).
• The both Asian rice and African rice arise from a common parent O. perennis.
• How many wild species are there in rice 22
• Among the 22 wild species of rice which is having diploid in nature O. sativa and O. glaberrima.
• The hulling percentage of rice is - 20%.
• After hulling the produce obtained is known as Brown rice.
• The process the paddy is steeped in water for 24 hrs and then steamed under pressure is known as - Par boiling of rice
• Which one is called as wonder Rice - IR8.
• The variety of IR8 is made of cross between- Peta x Dee Gee Woo Gen
• Most cultivated species of wheat is Hexaploid.
• Example of Diploid species of wheat T. boeticum T. monococum.
• Example of Tetraploid species of wheat T.dicoccoides T.durum T.persicum T.turgidum T.polonicum T.timopheevi. T.dicoccum
• Example of Hexaploid species of wheat T.aestivum T.compactum T.sphaerococcum T.macha T.spelta
• An ancestor for all the cultivated species of wheat is T. boeoticum
• Species of wheat having Grains containing high glutien- T. durum
• the dwarfing genes in the wheat-NORIN-10
• Wheat revolution in India was started by Swaminathan.
• Wheat revolution in World was started by Norman Borlaug.
• Origin of maize is Southern Mexico.
• Which type of pollination occur in the maize plant - Cross pollinated.
• Type of com Dent corn: Zea mays var. indentata, Flint corn: Zea mays var. Indurate
•  Sweet corn: Zea mays var. saccharate, Flour corn or soft corn: Zea mays var. amylacea   Wax corn: Zea mays var. certain Pop corn: Zea mays var. everta Pod corn: Zea mays var. tunicate
• In maize plant male flower is called as – Tassel.
• In maize plant female flower is called as – Cob.
• Origin of sorghum is Africa.
• What is sorghum poisoning: The serial shoot of sorghum contain the cynogenic glycoside dburrin, which by enzyme action hydrolizes to give hyrocyanic acid, (HCN).
• Fruit type of ragi is Utricle.
• All pulses belong to the sah family Papilionacene.
• Oil content in soybean 20%.
• Oil content in groundnut 45 to 50%.
• Gingelly is also called as Sesame or Til.
• Castor seed have toxic protein such as – Ricin.
• Castor seed contain a unique hydroxy fatty acid called- Ricinoleic acid.
• Castor seed oil is stored in Endosperm.
• Oil content of castor seed- -50%.
• Family of Sunflower is – Asteraceae.
• The frequency of spontaneous mutations is generally 10- 6
• Mutations may be artificially induced by a treatment with certain physical or chemical   agents such mutations are known as Induced mutations.
• An individual carrying the gametic chromosome number (n) is known as Haploid.
• The first autopolyploid variety released for general cultivation in India is Pusa Giant Berseem.
• The heterosis is estimated over the superior parent such an estimate is referred to as Heterobeltiosis
• the dominance hypothesis was first proposed by Davenport (1908)
• The Overdominace Hypothesis hypothesis was proposed by East and Shull (1908)
• The term of protoplasm was coined by Purkinje (1840)
• Produced haploid plant in Vitro from pollen grain was developed by Maheshwari and Guha (1964)
• World's first pigeon pea hybrid is ICPH 8
• The embryo develops directly from haploid nuclei other than egg cells are known as Apogamy
• The embryo develops directly from the somatic cell are known as Apospory
• Union of two similar gametes is called as Isogamy
• Union of two dissimilar gametes is called as - Heterogamy
• Male and female sexual organs present in the same flower are known as Bisexual
• Male and female sexual organs mature at the same time are known as Homogamy
• Presence of physical barrier or mechanical obstacles between the anther and stigma ensures cross pollination are known as Herkogamy.
• Ripened ovule is called as – Seed.
• Genetic purity of Nuclear seed is 100%.