1. What is the primary objective of the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)?
A. To provide subsidies on fertilizers
B. To ensure minimum support prices for crops
C. To provide crop insurance to farmers against natural calamities
D. To distribute free seeds to small farmers
Answer: C. To provide crop insurance to farmers against natural calamities
Explanation: PMFBY is a government-sponsored crop insurance scheme that integrates multiple stakeholders to provide comprehensive risk cover against non-preventable natural risks from pre-sowing to post-harvest stages.
2. The term “Evergreen Revolution” is associated with:
A. Sustainable increase in agricultural productivity
B. Increase in forest cover
C. Hybrid rice cultivation
D. Organic farming movement
Answer: A. Sustainable increase in agricultural productivity
Explanation: Coined by Dr. M.S. Swaminathan, the Evergreen Revolution emphasizes path-breaking enhancements in productivity without causing ecological harm, focusing on long-term sustainability.
3. Which nutrient deficiency causes chlorosis in plants?
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorus
C. Potassium
D. Magnesium
Answer: A. Nitrogen
Explanation: Chlorosis is the yellowing of leaf tissue due to a lack of chlorophyll. Nitrogen is a core component of chlorophyll, so its deficiency immediately slows down production, turning older leaves pale or yellow.
4. In India, the highest area under drip irrigation is observed in which state?
A. Maharashtra
B. Tamil Nadu
C. Gujarat
D. Andhra Pradesh
Answer: A. Maharashtra
Explanation: Maharashtra leads India in micro-irrigation coverage, specifically drip irrigation, widely utilized for cash crops like sugarcane, cotton, and various horticulture crops to battle water scarcity.
5. What is the significance of Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF)?
A. Promotes the use of genetically modified seeds
B. Focuses on heavy fertilizer use
C. Reduces cost of cultivation and promotes ecological balance
D. Encourages mechanized farming
Answer: C. Reduces cost of cultivation and promotes ecological balance
Explanation: ZBNF eliminates commercial chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Instead, it relies on natural mixtures like 'Jeevamrutha' (made from cow dung/urine) to restore soil health and lower production costs to near zero.
6. Soil having pH less than 7 is considered:
A. Alkaline
B. Saline
C. Acidic
D. Neutral
Answer: C. Acidic
Explanation: On the pH scale (0 to 14), a value of 7 is neutral. Anything falling below 7 indicates higher hydrogen ion concentration, classifying the environment or soil as acidic.
7. Which crop is best suited for dryland farming?
A. Rice
B. Wheat
C. Jowar
D. Sugarcane
Answer: C. Jowar
Explanation: Jowar (Sorghum) is a highly drought-resistant coarse cereal. It has a deep, efficient root system that allows it to survive and produce yields in regions with low rainfall and limited irrigation.
8. The Minimum Support Price (MSP) is recommended by which body in India?
A. Food Corporation of India (FCI)
B. Ministry of Agriculture
C. Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP)
D. NITI Aayog
Answer: C. Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP)
Explanation: While the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approves and announces the final price, it does so based entirely on the analytical recommendations submitted by the CACP.
9. Which among the following is not a Kharif crop?
A. Rice
B. Maize
C. Wheat
D. Bajra
Answer: C. Wheat
Explanation: Wheat is a classic Rabi (winter season) crop sown around October-November and harvested in spring. Rice, Maize, and Bajra require high temperatures and plenty of water, making them Kharif (monsoon season) crops.
10. Which one of the following is a micronutrient essential for plant growth?
A. Calcium
B. Magnesium
C. Iron
D. Nitrogen
Answer: C. Iron
Explanation: Plants require macronutrients (like Nitrogen, Calcium, and Magnesium) in large quantities. Micronutrients like Iron (Fe) are strictly required in trace amounts, though they remain entirely essential for enzymatic processes and photosynthesis.
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