Ø Boom and bust cycle of pest outbreak was given by? Priestly.
Ø Brassica juncea is Scientific name of Rai.
Ø Brassica juncia was evolved from? B. compestris × B.nigra.
Ø Brassica Nigra was evolved from? B. compestris × B.oleracia.
Ø Breeders seed is 100% pure.
Ø Breeding for yields generally aims in recovery of? Transgressive segregants.
Ø Breeding method for self-pollinated crops are? Pure line selection, Mass Selection, Progeny selection, Bulk Method, Pedigree method, single seed descent method, Back Cross Method.
Ø Brown revolution - leather or cocoa production.
Ø Buffering capacity of genotype to environmental fluctuations is called as? Homeostasis.
Ø Bulbosum technique is normally used for Haploid plant production.
Ø Bulk method was first used by? Nelson Ehle in 1908.
Ø Banarasi rai is variety of — Black or true mustard.
Ø Barr body was first discovered by Murray bar.
Ø Base analogue by 5 bromouracil.
Ø Basmati rice is having aromatic component due to presence of – Pandamarilactione.
Ø B-Chromosomes are also called as — Accessory chromosome / Super numerary chromosome.
Ø B-Chromosomes recorded was by — Longley and Randolph in Maize (1927).
Ø BN1 (Cumbu napier hybrid) is a cross between — P. glaucum × P. purpureum
Ø Bridges discovered genic balance theory of sex.
Ø Bye products of sugar cane mollases, cane wax, pressmud, trash.
Ø C and M cytoplasm of maize resistant to Helminthosporium.
Ø Castor seed contain a unique hydroxy fatty acid called¬ Ricinoleic acid.
Ø Castor seed have toxic protein such as — Ricin.
Ø Castor seed oil is stored in — Endosperm.
Ø Cell wall of differentiated cell has three distinct parts 1. Middle lamella, 2. Primary cell wall, 3. Secondary cell wall.
Ø CGMS: Cytoplasmic Genetic Male Sterile.
Ø CMS: Cytoplasmic Male Sterile.
Ø Chromosome theory of heredity was proposed by Sutton.
Ø Cistron, Recon and Muton was given by Benzer.
Ø Classification of chromosomes on the basis of number of centromeres Monocenrtic (one centromere usual), Dicentric (Two centromere- wheat), Polycentric (many centromeres- Ascaris), Acentric (Without centromere- do not survive).
Ø Classification of chromosomes on the basis of position of the centromere decides the shape of chromosome- Metacentric - two equal arms V shaped, Submetacentric - sub median position L shaped, Acrocentric- before end J shaped, Telocentric - towards end rod shaped.
Ø Commercial jute fiber is obtained from Corchorus capsularis (white or bitter jute), C. olitorius (Tossa jute).
Ø Complete synaptonemal complex is found in which stage-Zygotene.
Ø Cotton species having only lint — G barbadense.
Ø Coupling and repulsion phase by Baetson and Punett.
Ø Crop plants evolved from wild species in the areas showing great diversity are known as - Primary centres of origin.
Ø Cultivated species of sugarcane, Noble cane (2n=80): Saccharum officinarum., Indian cane (2n=82-124) S. barberi, Chinese cane (2n=118): S. sinense
Ø Cybrid term was given by Bunn et al.
Ø Cytoplasmic Genetic male sterility genes are controlled both by Cytoplasmic and Nuclear genes.
Ø Cytoplasmic inheritance- T cytoplasm – Maize, Tift-23A cytoplasm – Cumbu Susceptible to disease.
Ø Cairns gave the circular chromosomes in E coli.
Ø Camerarius described sexual reproduction in Maize crop.
Ø Capacity of a pathogen to incite a disease is called as? Virulence
Ø CDNA microarray provides rapid screening for a very large number of samples, but does not detect unknown genes.
Ø Cell linkage theory was proposed by Virchow.
Ø Cell Theory given by? Scheleiden and Schwann (1839).
Ø Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics – CDFD is located at Hyderabad.
Ø Centrioles are found in? Animals only.
Ø Cereals are deficient in lysine.
Ø Certification is done for notified variety.
Ø Certified - 99% pure.
Ø Certified seed colour tag is azure blue.
Ø Certified seed is produced from? Foundation Seed/Registered Seed.
Ø CGMS type of male sterility has been recently developed in cotton.
Ø Characters of sex linked inheritance are observed high in? Heterogametic sex.
Ø Charles Darwin proposed theory of natural selection.
Ø Chasmogamy is when fertilization after pollination.
Ø Chemical or physical agent which greatly enhances the frequency of mutation? Mutagen.
Ø Chiasma type theory of crossing over was proposed by? Janssens.
Ø Chi-square test- (O-E)2/E.
Ø Chromosome doubling restores hybrid fertility.
Ø Chromosomal theory of inheritance by Sutton and Boveri.
Ø Chromosome was discovered in 1875 by? Strasburger.
Ø Chromosomes are seen as smallest in? Anaphase.
Ø Chromosomes are shortest and thickest in? Metaphase.
Ø CIMMYT is international Maize and Wheat improvement center.
Ø Circular tag has 3cm diameter.
Ø Cistron is largest unit within a gene.
Ø Cistron, Recon and Mutan subdivisions of gene were given by Benzer.
Ø Cleistogamy is pollination of fertilization of unopened flower bud.
Ø Clipping method of emasculation is done in Rice crop.
Ø Clonal selection is mostly used in crop? Ginger.
Ø Clones are normally degraded by viral infection.
Ø Clones are said to be immortal, but deteriorate due to? Viral infections and Mutations.
Ø Clones have identical genotypes but not in? Phenotype.
Ø Co-dominant markers are suitable for hybridity analysis.
Ø Codon usage bias refers to differences in the frequency of occurrence of synonymous codons in coding DNA. Codon usage bias is the preferential or non-random use of synonymous codons, a ubiquitous phenomenon observed in bacteria, plants and animals. Different species have consistent and characteristic codon biases. Most important application of codon bias analysis is in the design of transgenes, to increase gene expression levels through codon optimization, for development of transgenic crops.
Ø Co efficient of variation is square root of standard deviation.
Ø Coiling of snail segregation occurs in F2 stage.
Ø Coix is found in the species of maize. Coix has been considered as a good potential germplasm resource for maize improvement because it is tolerant to lateritic soils and low pH, less prone to attacks by viruses, and less susceptible to waterlogging and has a low variation in photoperiod.
Ø Colchicine are used for triploids.
Ø Collinearity of polynucleotide and polypeptide sequences was given by Crick.
Ø Combined kafir germplasm is associated with Sorghum.
Ø Commonly used technique in Arabidopsis is agrobacterium mediated.
Ø Commonly used vector for DNA sequencing is M13.
Ø Community saviour award is given by PPVFRA authority.
Ø Competition between gametes carrying mutant and normal alleles is called as? Haplontic selection.
Ø Complete failure of vertical resistance leads to a disease epidemic called as? Vertifolia effect.
Ø Composite variety is developed by? Cross pollination.
Ø Composition of unsaturated fatty acid in sunflower oil is? 85%.
Ø Concept given by Mahalnobis is D2 statistics.
Ø Concept of core collection is given by Frankel.
Ø Concept of Population genetics was developed by Hardy and Weinberg.
Ø Concept of pureline theory was developed by Johannsen (1903).
Ø Conservation genetics is the application of genetics to understand and reduce the risk of population and species extinctions.
Ø Conservation of germplasm away from its natural habitat is called as? Ex-situ Conservation.
Ø Conservation of germplasm in its natural habitat protecting it from human interference is called as? In-situ Conservation.
Ø Contact method of crossing is followed in Ragi.
Ø Continuous inbreeding (Selfing) leads? Homozygosity.
Ø Conversion of fat into carbohydrate is seen in? Glyoxylate cycle.
Ø Cop that provides documented example of long time effects of selection is sugar beet.
Ø Correlation was given by Galton.
Ø CRD is used when experimental area is small and homogenous.
Ø Cri du chat is caused by deletion of short arm of 5th chromosome.
Ø Cross between Sweet William and Carnation is also called as? Fair Childs mule.
Ø Cross of an inbred line with an open pollinated variety is known as Top cross.
Ø Crossing of F1 with of its recessive parent is called? Test Cross.
Ø Crossing over and recombination occur during? Meiosis division.
Ø Crossing over term was used first time by? Morgan and Cattell.
Ø Cross-linking of DNA is due to? Alkalyting agents.
Ø CSSLs (chromosome segment substitution lines) are a complete library of introgression lines with chromosomal segments of usually a distant genotype in an adapted background and are valuable genetic resources for basic and applied research on improvement of complex traits. These are genetic stocks representing the complete genome of any genotype in the background of a cultivar as overlapping segments. Ideally, each CSSL has a single chromosome segment from the donor with a maximum recurrent parent genome recovered in the background. CSSL development program requires population-wide backcross breeding and genome-wide marker-assisted selection followed by selfing. Each line in a CSSL library has a specific marker-defined large donor segment. CSSLs are evaluated for any target phenotype to identify lines significantly different from the parental line. These CSSLs are then used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or causal genes. CSSLs are valuable pre-breeding tools for broadening the genetic base of existing cultivars and harnessing the genetic diversity from the wild- and distant-related species. These are resources for genetic map construction, mapping QTLs, genes or gene interactions and their functional analysis for crop improvement. In the last two decades, the utility of CSSLs in identification of novel genomic regions and QTL hot spots influencing a wide range of traits has been well demonstrated in food and commercial crops. This review presents an overview of how CSSLs are developed, their status in major crops and their use in genomic studies and gene discovery.
Ø Cultivated potato is autotetraploid.
Ø Cultivated species of groundnut is tetraploid.
Ø Culture and then double haploids is? Reverse breeding.
Ø Cybrid is a cell that has nuclear DNA from one source and cytoplasmic DNA from other source.
Ø Cytokinin are a class of plant hormones that promote cell division in plant roots and Shoots.
Ø Cytokinin is mostly synthesized in? Root tips.
Ø Cytoplasm doesn‘t contain RNA.
Ø Cytoplasmic male sterility is best suited for hybrid seed production in vegetative propagated crops.
Ø D2 statistics comes under second order statistics.
Ø DART markers are useful in the study of orphan crops.
Ø Darwin wrote book cross and self fertilization in vegetable kingdom.
Ø Davis gave top cross.
Ø Degrees of freedom is number of independent comparisons.
Ø Dehiscence of anthers of flowers before stigma is receptive is called as? Protandry.
Ø Delta enzyme is for lagging strand synthesis.
Ø De-oxy ribose sugar lacks oxygen atom at? 21 carbon position.
Ø Design which form squares is Latin square design.
Ø Detrimental effect of host plant on the development of insect is called as? Antibiosis.
Ø Development of average phenotype irrespective of environmental or genetic variation is? Canalization.
Ø Development of embryo from the egg cell is parthenogeneisis.
Ø Development of seed by self-pollination is? Autogamy.
Ø D F Jones gave the Double cross.
Ø Diagrammatic representation of karyotype is? Ideotype.
Ø Diallele selective mating design is given by? Jenson.
Ø Diallele in self-pollination was given by jinks and Haymann.
Ø Dichogamy is maturation of anthers and stigma of the same flower at different times.
Ø Differences within pure line are due to? Environment.
Ø Different alleles produce a same phenotype is? Isoalleles.
