1. Sunflower belongs to which botanical family?
A. Fabaceae
B. Malvaceae
C. Asteraceae
D. Euphorbiaceae
Answer: C
Rationale: Sunflower belongs to the family Asteraceae (Compositae).
2. The botanical name of sunflower is:
A. Helianthus tuberosus
B. Helianthus annuus
C. Helianthus giganteus
D. Helianthus petiolaris
Answer: B
Rationale: Cultivated sunflower is Helianthus annuus L.
3. Sunflower is mainly grown as a:
A. Pulse crop
B. Oilseed crop
C. Fiber crop
D. Fodder crop
Answer: B
Rationale: Sunflower is an important edible oilseed crop.
4. The center of origin of sunflower is:
A. Africa
B. India
C. South America
D. North America
Answer: D
Rationale: Sunflower originated in North America.
5. Sunflower is primarily a:
A. Self-pollinated crop
B. Cross-pollinated crop
C. Apomictic crop
D. Vegetatively propagated crop
Answer: B
Rationale: Sunflower is highly cross-pollinated.
6. Major pollinating agents in sunflower are:
A. Wind
B. Water
C. Bees
D. Birds
Answer: C
Rationale: Bees play a major role in sunflower pollination.
7. The inflorescence of sunflower is:
A. Spike
B. Raceme
C. Capitulum
D. Panicle
Answer: C
Rationale: Sunflower bears a head-type inflorescence called capitulum.
8. The large yellow structures in sunflower are:
A. Sepals
B. Disc florets
C. Ray florets
D. Bracts
Answer: C
Rationale: Ray florets are large, yellow, and sterile.
9. Fertile flowers in sunflower are:
A. Ray florets
B. Disc florets
C. Bracts
D. Sepals
Answer: B
Rationale: Disc florets are bisexual and fertile.
10. Chromosome number of sunflower is:
A. 2n = 16
B. 2n = 20
C. 2n = 34
D. 2n = 42
Answer: C
Rationale: Sunflower has 2n = 34 chromosomes.
11. Sunflower is mainly grown in India during:
A. Kharif season
B. Rabi season
C. Summer season
D. All seasons
Answer: D
Rationale: Sunflower is adaptable to all three seasons.
12. Optimum temperature for sunflower growth is:
A. 10–15°C
B. 15–20°C
C. 20–25°C
D. 35–40°C
Answer: C
Rationale: 20–25°C is ideal for growth and oil synthesis.
13. Sunflower prefers which soil?
A. Heavy clay soil
B. Sandy soil
C. Well-drained loamy soil
D. Waterlogged soil
Answer: C
Rationale: Well-drained loamy soils support deep root growth.
14. Sunflower root system is:
A. Fibrous
B. Adventitious
C. Tap root
D. Rhizomatous
Answer: C
Rationale: Sunflower has a strong tap root system.
15. The recommended spacing for sunflower is:
A. 30 × 10 cm
B. 45 × 20 cm
C. 60 × 30 cm
D. 90 × 60 cm
Answer: C
Rationale: Proper spacing ensures better head development.
16. Sunflower is sensitive to:
A. Drought
B. Frost
C. Wind
D. Heat
Answer: B
Rationale: Frost damages sunflower plants severely.
17. Oil content in sunflower seed ranges between:
A. 20–25%
B. 25–30%
C. 35–45%
D. 55–65%
Answer: C
Rationale: Sunflower seeds contain about 35–45% oil.
18. The major fatty acid in sunflower oil is:
A. Oleic acid
B. Linoleic acid
C. Palmitic acid
D. Ricinoleic acid
Answer: B
Rationale: Sunflower oil is rich in linoleic acid.
19. Sunflower oil is preferred because it is:
A. Non-edible
B. Highly saturated
C. Rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids
D. Highly toxic
Answer: C
Rationale: PUFA content makes sunflower oil heart-friendly.
20. Recommended seed rate for sunflower is:
A. 2–3 kg/ha
B. 5–6 kg/ha
C. 8–10 kg/ha
D. 12–15 kg/ha
Answer: B
Rationale: About 5–6 kg seed per hectare is optimal.
21. Sunflower is a:
A. Short-day plant
B. Long-day plant
C. Day-neutral plant
D. Shade-loving plant
Answer: C
Rationale: Sunflower is generally day-neutral.
22. Major sunflower-producing state in India is:
A. Punjab
B. Karnataka
C. Assam
D. Bihar
Answer: B
Rationale: Karnataka is a leading sunflower producer.
23. The edible part of sunflower is:
A. Root
B. Leaf
C. Flower
D. Seed
Answer: D
Rationale: Seeds are used for oil extraction and consumption.
24. The fruit of sunflower is botanically called:
A. Berry
B. Capsule
C. Achene
D. Drupe
Answer: C
Rationale: Sunflower fruit is an achene.
25. Major nutrient requirement of sunflower is:
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorus
C. Potassium
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Rationale: Balanced NPK is essential for yield and oil quality.
26. Boron deficiency in sunflower causes:
A. Leaf curling
B. Head deformity
C. Chlorosis
D. Lodging
Answer: B
Rationale: Boron is essential for seed set and head formation.
27. Major pest of sunflower is:
A. Stem borer
B. Head borer
C. Aphid
D. Thrips
Answer: B
Rationale: Head borer damages developing seeds.
28. Alternaria leaf spot in sunflower is caused by:
A. Fusarium spp.
B. Alternaria helianthi
C. Colletotrichum spp.
D. Phytophthora spp.
Answer: B
Rationale: Alternaria helianthi causes leaf spot and blight.
29. Sunflower rust disease is caused by:
A. Puccinia helianthi
B. Uromyces spp.
C. Albugo candida
D. Cercospora spp.
Answer: A
Rationale: Rust is caused by Puccinia helianthi.
30. Sunflower crop duration is about:
A. 60–70 days
B. 80–90 days
C. 90–120 days
D. 150–180 days
Answer: C
Rationale: Sunflower matures in about 3–4 months.
31. Harvesting of sunflower is done when:
A. Leaves are green
B. Back of head turns yellow
C. Flowers are blooming
D. Seeds are immature
Answer: B
Rationale: Yellowing of head back indicates maturity.
32. Sunflower seeds should be dried to moisture content of:
A. 15–18%
B. 10–12%
C. 8–9%
D. 5–6%
Answer: C
Rationale: Safe storage requires moisture around 8–9%.
33. Sunflower is tolerant to:
A. Frost
B. Salinity
C. Drought
D. Flooding
Answer: C
Rationale: Deep roots make sunflower drought tolerant.
34. The role of bees in sunflower is mainly to:
A. Control pests
B. Increase seed set
C. Improve soil fertility
D. Reduce diseases
Answer: B
Rationale: Bees enhance pollination and seed filling.
35. Sunflower seed cake is mainly used as:
A. Human food
B. Animal feed
C. Biofuel
D. Medicine
Answer: B
Rationale: Sunflower cake is a good protein-rich cattle feed.
36. Sunflower oil is free from:
A. Cholesterol
B. Linoleic acid
C. Vitamin E
D. Unsaturated fats
Answer: A
Rationale: Plant oils contain no cholesterol.
37. Sunflower responds well to which micronutrient?
A. Zinc
B. Iron
C. Boron
D. Molybdenum
Answer: C
Rationale: Boron is critical for flowering and seed development.
38. Recommended nitrogen dose for sunflower is:
A. Low
B. Moderate
C. High
D. Zero
Answer: B
Rationale: Moderate nitrogen supports growth without lodging.
39. Sunflower seeds are classified as:
A. Recalcitrant
B. Orthodox
C. Viviparous
D. Intermediate
Answer: B
Rationale: Seeds tolerate drying and storage.
40. The turning of sunflower head towards the sun is called:
A. Photoperiodism
B. Geotropism
C. Heliotropism
D. Thigmotropism
Answer: C
Rationale: Heliotropism is sun-tracking movement.
41. The black color of sunflower seeds is due to:
A. Chlorophyll
B. Anthocyanin
C. Phytomelanin
D. Carotene
Answer: C
Rationale: Phytomelanin pigments give black color.
42. Sunflower seed germination is:
A. Hypogeal
B. Epigeal
C. Viviparous
D. Underground
Answer: B
Rationale: Cotyledons emerge above the soil surface.
43. Sunflower oil cake contains protein around:
A. 10–15%
B. 18–20%
C. 28–32%
D. 45–50%
Answer: C
Rationale: Sunflower cake is a moderate-protein feed.
44. Major weed problem in sunflower is:
A. Parthenium
B. Cyperus
C. Chenopodium
D. All of the above
Answer: D
Rationale: All commonly infest sunflower fields.
45. Sunflower is unsuitable for:
A. Red soils
B. Black soils
C. Waterlogged soils
D. Sandy loam soils
Answer: C
Rationale: Poor drainage causes root rot.
46. Hybrid sunflower seed production requires:
A. Selfing
B. Apomixis
C. Cytoplasmic male sterility
D. Vegetative propagation
Answer: C
Rationale: CMS is used for commercial hybrids.
47. Sunflower seed multiplication ratio is:
A. Very low
B. Low
C. Moderate
D. High
Answer: D
Rationale: Each plant produces many seeds.
48. The recommended isolation distance for sunflower seed production is needed because of:
A. Wind pollination
B. Insect pollination
C. Water pollination
D. Self-pollination
Answer: B
Rationale: Insect-mediated cross-pollination occurs.
49. Sunflower is economically important due to:
A. Fodder value only
B. Edible oil and export value
C. Medicinal use only
D. Ornamental use only
Answer: B
Rationale: Sunflower oil has high domestic and export demand.
50. Sunflower is best suited to:
A. Cold temperate climate
B. Tropical and subtropical climate
C. Alpine climate
D. Tundra region
Answer: B
Rationale: Warm climates favor growth and oil synthesis.
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