1. Watermelon belongs to which botanical family?
A. Solanaceae
B. Cucurbitaceae
C. Malvaceae
D. Fabaceae
Answer: B
Rationale: Watermelon is a cucurbit, belonging to Cucurbitaceae.
2. The botanical name of watermelon is:
A. Cucumis melo
B. Citrullus colocynthis
C. Citrullus lanatus
D. Lagenaria siceraria
Answer: C
Rationale: Cultivated watermelon is Citrullus lanatus.
3. Watermelon is grown mainly as a:
A. Root vegetable
B. Leaf vegetable
C. Fruit vegetable
D. Tuber crop
Answer: C
Rationale: The edible part is the fruit.
4. The center of origin of watermelon is:
A. India
B. China
C. Africa
D. South America
Answer: C
Rationale: Watermelon originated in Africa.
5. Watermelon is primarily a:
A. Self-pollinated crop
B. Cross-pollinated crop
C. Apomictic crop
D. Vegetatively propagated crop
Answer: B
Rationale: It is cross-pollinated, mainly by insects.
6. Major pollinating agents in watermelon are:
A. Wind
B. Water
C. Bees
D. Birds
Answer: C
Rationale: Bees are essential for effective pollination.
7. Watermelon plants are generally:
A. Dioecious
B. Monoecious
C. Hermaphrodite
D. Apomictic
Answer: B
Rationale: Male and female flowers occur on the same plant.
8. Female flowers in watermelon can be identified by:
A. Larger petals
B. Presence of ovary at base
C. Longer pedicel
D. Brighter color
Answer: B
Rationale: The ovary at the flower base indicates a female flower.
9. The fruit of watermelon is botanically a:
A. Berry
B. Capsule
C. Pepo
D. Drupe
Answer: C
Rationale: Cucurbits produce pepo-type fruits.
10. Chromosome number of watermelon is:
A. 2n = 14
B. 2n = 18
C. 2n = 22
D. 2n = 24
Answer: A
Rationale: Watermelon has 2n = 14 chromosomes.
11. Watermelon is best grown during:
A. Cool winter
B. Warm season
C. Frosty season
D. Rainy season only
Answer: B
Rationale: It is a warm-season crop.
12. Optimum temperature for watermelon growth is:
A. 10–15°C
B. 15–20°C
C. 20–30°C
D. 35–40°C
Answer: C
Rationale: Optimal growth occurs at 20–30°C.
13. Watermelon is highly sensitive to:
A. Drought
B. Salinity
C. Frost
D. Wind
Answer: C
Rationale: Frost severely damages vines and flowers.
14. Best soil for watermelon cultivation is:
A. Heavy clay
B. Sandy loam
C. Waterlogged soil
D. Peaty soil
Answer: B
Rationale: Sandy loam ensures drainage and root aeration.
15. Ideal soil pH for watermelon is:
A. 4.5–5.0
B. 5.5–6.0
C. 6.0–6.8
D. 8.0–8.5
Answer: C
Rationale: Slightly acidic to neutral soils are ideal.
16. Recommended seed rate for watermelon is:
A. 0.5–1.0 kg/ha
B. 1.5–2.5 kg/ha
C. 3–4 kg/ha
D. 6–8 kg/ha
Answer: B
Rationale: About 2 kg seed per hectare is sufficient.
17. Recommended spacing for watermelon is:
A. 60 × 30 cm
B. 90 × 60 cm
C. 150 × 60 cm
D. 300 × 90 cm
Answer: C
Rationale: Wider spacing supports vine spread and fruit size.
18. Watermelon is commonly propagated by:
A. Cuttings
B. Layering
C. Seeds
D. Grafting only
Answer: C
Rationale: Seed propagation is standard.
19. The edible stage of watermelon fruit is:
A. Immature stage
B. Fully ripe stage
C. Overripe stage
D. Dry stage
Answer: B
Rationale: Fruits are consumed at full ripeness.
20. Red color of watermelon flesh is due to:
A. Anthocyanin
B. Carotene
C. Lycopene
D. Chlorophyll
Answer: C
Rationale: Lycopene gives the red color.
21. Sweetness in watermelon is measured by:
A. pH
B. EC
C. Brix value
D. SHU
Answer: C
Rationale: Brix measures soluble sugars.
22. Average yield of watermelon is:
A. 10–15 t/ha
B. 20–25 t/ha
C. 30–40 t/ha
D. 60–70 t/ha
Answer: C
Rationale: Typical yields range from 30–40 t/ha.
23. Water requirement of watermelon is highest during:
A. Germination
B. Vegetative stage
C. Flowering and fruit development
D. Maturity
Answer: C
Rationale: Moisture stress then reduces fruit size and quality.
24. Major nutrient requirement of watermelon is:
A. Nitrogen
B. Phosphorus
C. Potassium
D. Balanced NPK
Answer: D
Rationale: Balanced nutrients ensure yield and sweetness.
25. Excess nitrogen in watermelon leads to:
A. Early flowering
B. More female flowers
C. Excess vine growth
D. Higher sweetness
Answer: C
Rationale: Excess N promotes vegetative growth.
26. Application of ethrel in watermelon results in:
A. Increased male flowers
B. Increased female flowers
C. Reduced flowering
D. Sterility
Answer: B
Rationale: Ethrel promotes femaleness.
27. Gibberellic acid (GA₃) application promotes:
A. Female flowers
B. Male flowers
C. Fruit cracking
D. Seedlessness
Answer: B
Rationale: GA₃ increases maleness in cucurbits.
28. Major pest of watermelon is:
A. Aphid
B. Red pumpkin beetle
C. Fruit fly
D. Stem borer
Answer: B
Rationale: Red pumpkin beetle damages leaves and seedlings.
29. Fruit fly damage in watermelon causes:
A. Leaf curling
B. Fruit rotting with punctures
C. Wilting
D. Mosaic symptoms
Answer: B
Rationale: Larvae feed inside fruits causing rot.
30. Downy mildew of watermelon is caused by:
A. Alternaria spp.
B. Pseudoperonospora cubensis
C. Fusarium spp.
D. Rhizoctonia solani
Answer: B
Rationale: P. cubensis causes downy mildew in cucurbits.
31. Powdery mildew in watermelon is caused by:
A. Erysiphe cichoracearum
B. Phytophthora spp.
C. Colletotrichum spp.
D. Cercospora spp.
Answer: A
Rationale: Powdery mildew fungi attack leaves and vines.
32. Mosaic disease in watermelon is transmitted by:
A. Whitefly
B. Aphid
C. Thrips
D. Leafhopper
Answer: B
Rationale: Aphids transmit mosaic viruses.
33. Watermelon vines can be trained using:
A. Mulching
B. Trellising
C. Root pruning
D. Flooding
Answer: B
Rationale: Training improves air flow and fruit quality.
34. Harvesting of watermelon is done:
A. Once only
B. In multiple pickings
C. Before maturity
D. After drying
Answer: A
Rationale: Fruits are harvested at full maturity in one picking.
35. Maturity index of watermelon includes:
A. Drying of leaves
B. Yellow ground spot
C. Hard seed coat
D. Leaf drop
Answer: B
Rationale: Yellow ground spot indicates maturity.
36. Hollow heart in watermelon is mainly due to:
A. Calcium deficiency
B. Boron deficiency
C. Rapid growth and poor pollination
D. Viral infection
Answer: C
Rationale: Irregular pollination causes internal hollowness.
37. Watermelon root system is:
A. Shallow fibrous
B. Deep tap root
C. Rhizomatous
D. Adventitious
Answer: B
Rationale: Deep roots help drought tolerance.
38. Watermelon seed type is:
A. Recalcitrant
B. Orthodox
C. Viviparous
D. Intermediate
Answer: B
Rationale: Seeds tolerate drying and storage.
39. Seed viability of watermelon is:
A. 1–2 years
B. 3–4 years
C. 6–8 years
D. 10 years
Answer: B
Rationale: Viability is generally 3–4 years.
40. Watermelon flowers open mostly during:
A. Night
B. Early morning
C. Afternoon
D. Evening
Answer: B
Rationale: Anthesis occurs early morning.
41. Best way to increase fruit set in watermelon is:
A. High nitrogen
B. Hand pollination
C. Bee activity
D. Dense planting
Answer: C
Rationale: Adequate pollinators ensure better fruit set.
42. Watermelon is unsuitable for:
A. Sandy loam soils
B. Well-drained soils
C. Waterlogged soils
D. Organic soils
Answer: C
Rationale: Waterlogging causes root diseases.
43. Watermelon is classified as a:
A. Short-day plant
B. Long-day plant
C. Day-neutral plant
D. Shade-loving plant
Answer: C
Rationale: It is largely day-neutral.
44. Cotyledons in watermelon germination are:
A. Hypogeal
B. Epigeal
C. Underground
D. Non-functional
Answer: B
Rationale: Cotyledons emerge above soil.
45. Watermelon fruit develops from:
A. Superior ovary
B. Inferior ovary
C. Half-inferior ovary
D. Ovule only
Answer: B
Rationale: Cucurbits have an inferior ovary.
46. The main economic part of watermelon plant is:
A. Leaf
B. Stem
C. Mature fruit
D. Seed
Answer: C
Rationale: Mature fruits are marketed.
47. Seedless watermelons are produced by:
A. Apomixis
B. Triploid breeding
C. Mutation only
D. Vegetative propagation
Answer: B
Rationale: Triploid plants produce seedless fruits.
48. Isolation distance in watermelon seed production is needed due to:
A. Wind pollination
B. Insect-mediated cross-pollination
C. Self-pollination
D. Apomixis
Answer: B
Rationale: Insects cause cross-pollination.
49. Watermelon is economically important mainly because of:
A. Oil content
B. Fiber value
C. High water content and summer demand
D. Medicinal alkaloids
Answer: C
Rationale: Refreshing fruits have high market demand.
50. Watermelon cultivation is most profitable when:
A. Grown in winter
B. Grown under frost
C. Grown in summer with irrigation
D. Grown in waterlogged soils
Answer: C
Rationale: Summer cultivation meets peak demand and prices.
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