Genetics and Plant Breeding pointers 4 ✓

 

·        Embryo develops from vegetative cells of the ovule such as integuments, nucellus and chalazal is called adventive embryony.

·        Emasculation of flower is necessary for hybridization in self pollinated plants.

·        EMS is commonly used mutagen for Tilling.

·        Enzyme catalyse the same chemical reaction but exist in slightly different molecular forms are termed as coenzyme.

·        Epistatic variance which results due interaction between alleles of two or more different genes or loci.

·        Epsilon leading strand synthesis.

·        Ear to Row Selection was first proposed by Hopkins.

·        East gave inheritance of corolla length in tobacco.

·        EGMS: Environmentally Induced Genetic Male Sterility.

·        Eight main centres of origin were originally proposed by -N.I. Vavilov.

·        Est markets first used by venter et al.

·        Eugenics is a branch of genetics deals with study of applications of principles of heredity for betterment of human race.

·        Euphenics is a branch of genetics deals with study of hereditary diseases.

·        Evaluation of the worth of plants on the basis of performance of their progenies is known as — Progeny test.

·        Example of Dioecy plants — Papaya, Date palm.

·        Example of diploid cotton- G herbaceum (Uppam cotton), G arboreum (Karunkanni cotton).

·        Example of Diploid species of wheat T. boeticum, T. monococum.

·        Example of double cross hybrid varieties in maize — COH 3.

·        Example of double top cross hybrid varieties in maize — Ganga safed 2, Histarch, Ganga 4.

·        Example of green leaf manure Neem: Azadirachta indica Pungam.: Pongamia glabra Glyricidia: Glyricidia sepium.

·        Example of green manure crops Sunnhemp: Crotalaria juncea Dainchia : Sesbania aculeata.

·        Example of Hexaploid species of wheat T.aestivum, T.compactum  T.sphaerococcum, T.spelta , T.macha.

·        Example of minor millet- Fox tail millet: Setaria italica, Dodo millet: Paspalum scrobiculatum, Barn yard millet: Echinocola colona, Proso millet: Panicum miliaceum.

·        Example of Monoecy plants Castor, Mango, Banana, Maize.

·        Example of Orthodox seeds — corn, wheat, rice, carrot, papaya, pepper, chickpea, cotton, sunflower.

·        Example of Primary introduction varieties — Sonora 64, Lerma Rojo, IR8, IR28 and IR36.

·        Example of Recalcitrant seeds — citrus, cocoa, coffee, rubber, oil palm, mango, jack fruit.

·        Example of Secondary introduction varieties kalyan Sona, Sonalika.

·        Example of short duration (<100Days) variety of rice is¬ CR 666, Akashi, CO 41.

·        Example of short duration (<70 Days) variety in sorghum-CO22.

·        Example of short duration variety in red gram — Prabhat, ICPL 87.

·        Example of Single cross hybrid varieties in maize — COH 1, COH 2.

·        Example of Tetraploid species of wheat T. dicoccoides T. dicoccum T.dicoccum T.durum, T.persicum, T.turgidum ,T.polonicum  T.timopheevi.

·        Example of tree way cross hybrids varieties in maize — Ganga 5.

·        Example of YMV (Yellow mosaic virus) resistance variety in black gram is — VBN 1, VBN 2, VBN 3.

·        Example of mutation variety of rice is --Jagannath, Parbhani, Satan.

·        Examples of autotetraploids are Alfalfa, Coffee and McIntosh apples.

·        Examples of Multiple Alleles, Fur color in Rabbits, Wing type in Drosophila, Eye colour in Drosophila, Self incompatibility alleles in Plants, ABA Blood group in man.

·        Examples of Tetraploid cotton, G. hirsutum (Upland cotton), G. barbadense (Sea Island cotton).

·        Erucic acid found in? Mustard.

·        Escape of a host plant from damage is called as? Avoidance.

·        EST library is repetitive DNA sequence.

·        Ethanol is used for sterilization explant.

·        Ethylene is a plant hormone in gaseous form.

·        Ethylene precursor methionine.

·        Evergreen revolution - Overall department of agriculture.

·        Example for a non-ionizing physical mutagen is? U.V rays.

·        Example of heterozygous but homogenous population is hybrid variety.

·        Examples of CHAs are Sodium methyl arsenate, Ethephon GA3 and Hybrex.

·        Examples of mitotic poison are Colchicine, Ribonuclease, and mustard gas.

·        Excessive performance of a cross over and above the expected performance of GCA of parents is called as? Specific combining ability.

·        Exchange of homologous segments between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes is? Crossing over.

·        Exon codes for protiens.

·        Expand the term TRIPs? Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights.

·        Expand UNEP? United Nations Environment Programme.

·        Experimental design which controls fertility variations in two directions is known as Latin square design.

·        Expression of ancestral traits is termed as atavism.

·        Expression of TA 29 promoter attached to barnase express only in tapetum cells.

·        Expression of transgenes in plants is affected by? Gene silencing, Chromosome arrangement, Pleiotrophy.

·        F1 will be Heterozygous and homogeneous.

·        Facultative apomixis is the type of reproduction where carried out by both apomictic and sexual means.

·        Failure of pollen of a flower to fertilize same flower is called as? Self-incompatibility.

·        Family of Alfalfa is leguminaceae.

·        Father of biochemical genetics? Garrod.

·        Father of Biology is Aristotle.

·        Father of botany is Theoprastus

·        Father of genetic engineering is? Paul Berg

·        Father of Genetics? Gregor John Mendel.

·        Father of plant tissue culture is Haberlandt.

·        Fedrick sanger got Nobel prize in chemistry for discovering structure of insulin.

·        Fertility one direction RCBD.

·        Field experiment RCBD.

·        First cotton hybrid developed in the world was on 1970.

·        First edible vaccine is developed from Banana.

·        First Experimental Evidence in support of DNA as genetic material was given by Avery, Macleod and MacCarty.

·        First inter-specific hybrid of cotton was? Varalaxmi.

·        First inter-varietal hybrid of cotton was? H-4(C.T. Patel 1970).

·        First product of C3 plant – PGA.

·        First product of C4 plant – OAA.

·        First scented rice variety is Pusa basmati 1.

·        First stable product formed in C3 plants is? PGA.

·        First time gene was divided into cistron, muton and recon by? Benzer (1955).

·        Fishers t test is used for unpaired observations.

·        Flavr- savr Antisense RNA in Tomato.

·        Folded fibre model was given by? Dupraw.

·        For composite interval mapping in which interval mapping is combined with regression analysis.

·        For every generation of selfing heterozygosity is reduced at a rate of? 50%.

·        For resistance breeding better parent is crossed with wild relatives parent.

·        For selfing in maize both male and female parts are bagged.

·        Formation of ice crystals inter and intra cellular level is due to? Freezing stress.

·        Formation of male flowers is induced by? GA3.

·        Forward genetics is a traditional approach to study gene function that begins with phenotype proceeds to genotype.

·        Foundation seed 99.5% pure.

·        Foundation seed is otherwise known as? Mother Seed.

·        Frego bract in cotton confers resistance against? Boll weevil.

·        Frequency of complete homozygous plant in any segregating generation is by formula [(2m-1) /2m] n.

·        Family of jute is — Tiliaceae.

·        Family of Sunflower is — Asteraceae.

·        Few species of plants other than those of poaceae which produce small grains and used as food as in the of cereals are referred to as — Pseudo cereals.

·        First artificial hybrid was developed by Thomas Fairchild.

·        First case of cytoplasmic inheritance was reported by Correns in 1909 in four '0' clock plant.

·        Fitness is also referred to as selective value, selective advantage, adaptive value.