MCQ on Genetics and Plant Breeding for various Agriculture Exams Part - 15

1. Gregor Mendel conducted his experiments on which plant?
   a) Wheat
   b) Maize
   c) Pea
   d) Rice

2. The alternative forms of a gene are called:
   a) Loci
   b) Genotypes
   c) Alleles
   d) Phenotypes

3. In a dihybrid cross, the phenotypic ratio in the F2 generation is typically:
   a) 3:1
   b) 1:1
   c) 9:3:3:1
   d) 1:2:1

4. Which of the following is NOT an example of a molecular marker?
   a) RAPD
   b) SSR
   c) SNP
   d) Hybridization

5. The process of crossing genetically different individuals to produce a hybrid is called:
   a) Mutation
   b) Selection
   c) Hybridization
   d) Selfing

6. Which type of genetic variation is caused by changes in a single nucleotide?
   a) Chromosomal aberration
   b) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
   c) Insertion
   d) Deletion

7. The inheritance of traits controlled by multiple genes is known as:
   a) Mendelian inheritance
   b) Codominance
   c) Polygenic inheritance
   d) Epistasis

8. Which plant breeding method is based on selecting the best individuals from a population?
   a) Hybridization
   b) Mutation breeding
   c) Mass selection
   d) Backcrossing

9. The term ‘heterosis’ refers to:
   a) Genetic drift
   b) Hybrid vigor
   c) Mutation rate
   d) Genetic linkage

10. Which of the following is a dominant trait?
    a) Wrinkled seed in peas
    b) Round seed in peas
    c) Albinism
    d) None of the above