• The most suitable fumigant for quarantine purposes is methyl bromide.
  • Plant hormones that regulate growth, particularly by stimulating cell elongation, are auxins.
  • Plant life ceases below 40°F.
  • Plant-parasitic bugs belong to the order Hemiptera.
  • The most effective moulting hormone (MH) in insects is ecdysone.
  • Pollarding is done at 2 m height from the ground.
  • Pollarding is associated with tea cultivation.
  • Pollarding is a technique of pruning trees.
  • Pollen from a flower of one plant falls on the stigmas of other flowers of the same plant is termed geitonogamy.
  • Pollination and fertilization occurring before the opening of a flower is termed cleistogamy.
  • Pollu beetle attacks pepper berries.
  • The diamond back moth is a pest of cruciferous vegetables, such as cabbage.
  • Polyalthia longifolia is an ornamental tree.
  • Polyantha, Grandiflora, and Floribunda are types of roses.
  • The polyembryonic species of citrus is acid lime.
  • The polymer of glucose is cellulose.
  • The polyploidy level in the embryo and endosperm of seed is 3n.
  • Plants that show uniform characters are vegetatively propagated plants.
  • Plants that have been genetically produced using recombinant DNA techniques are called transgenic plants.
  • Plants confined to areas of very low rainfall are xerophytes.
  • Plants that can grow in shaded conditions are called sciophytes.
  • Plants that grow on other plants are called epiphytes.
  • Plants that require more water are hydrophytes.
  • The plasma membrane is a type of semi-permeable membrane.
  • Plasticity is a property exhibited by heavy soils.
  • Plastids were introduced by Lederberg.
  • Plastron respiration occurs in aquatic insects.
  • Pleurotus refers to oyster mushrooms.
  • Pneumatic sprayers work by compressing a layer of air.
  • Pointed gourd is propagated through vine cutting.
  • Potash present in potassium nitrate is 44%.
  • Potash present in sulphate of potash is 48%.
  • The potassic fertilizer containing the highest amount of K₂O is Muriate of Potash/KCl (60% K₂O).
  • The potassic fertilizer suitable for fertigation is potassium nitrate (44% K₂O).
  • Potassium exists in elemental form in plants.
  • Potato crops favor sandy loam soil for best growth.
  • Potato crop requires an average temperature of 17-20°C for tuberization.
  • Potato is an autotetraploid.
  • Potato is an underground stem.
  • Potato tubers should be stored in a ventilated closed room with a temperature of 4-5°C and 90-95% RH.
  • Potato virus diseases are spread by aphids.
  • Powdery mildew of cucurbits is caused by Erysiphe cichoracearum.
  • Powdery mildew of rubber is caused by the fungus Oidium heveae.
  • The polyploidy level in the endosperm of Triticum aestivum is 6n.
  • The polyploidy level of the testa and pollen mother cell of seed is 2n.
  • Pomology is the study of fruits.
  • Poor man’s disease of rice is brown leaf spot caused by Helminthosporium oryzae.
  • Poor man’s orange refers to tomato.
  • Popcorn maize varieties include Amber pop, VL Amber Pop, and Pearl popcorn.
  • Popular varieties of bottle gourd include Pusa Summer Prolific Long, Summer Prolific Round, Pusa Manjari, and Pusa Megdoot.
  • Population theory was proposed by Malthus.
  • The portion of a plant into which a bud or a portion of a branch is set is known as rootstock.
  • Bud necrosis in groundnut is transmitted by thrips.
  •  Minerals are translocated in plants as both organic and inorganic compounds.
  • Miniature roses are otherwise known as baby roses.
  • Minimum genetic purity required for certified seeds is 98%.
  • Minimum genetic purity required for foundation seeds is 99%.
  • Minimum germination percentage fixed for bhindi (okra) seed is 65%.
  • Minimum germination percentage for rice seeds for certification is 80%.
  • Minimum germination for quality cotton seed is 98%.
  • Minimum germination percentage of good quality groundnut seeds is 96%.
  • Instruments used to measure the amount of direct solar radiation are pyrheliometers.
  • Instruments used to measure total incoming solar radiation are pyranometers.
  • Instruments used to measure soil moisture tension are tensiometers.
  • MFALDA stands for Marginal Farmers & Agricultural Labourers Development Agency.
  • The micro irrigation method in which water is applied as drops through emitters is the drip method.
  • The micro irrigation method in which water is applied as spray is the sprinkler method.
  • A micro watershed covers an area of about 100 to 1,000 hectares.
  • Micro-organisms that can cause disease in insects are known as entomopathogens.
  • Micropropagation is based on the principle of totipotency.
  • Micropropagation through tissue culture is popular in anthurium.
  • Instruments used for measuring the depth of the water table are piezometers.
  • Middle clouds include altostratus and altocumulus.
  • The middle most value of a series is the median.
  • Haryana is known as the "Milk Pail of India."
  • Milli-watersheds have an area of 1,000 to 10,000 hectares.
  • Mimicry weeds of rice and wheat include wild rice (Echinochloa crusgalli) and Phalaris minor.
  • Manganese (Mn) deficiency shows interveinal yellowing of younger leaves.
  • Mohitnagar is a variety of arecanut.
  • Instruments used to measure transpiration are potometers.
  • Mokara and Aerides are types of orchids.
  • Molecular scissors used in genetic engineering are restriction endonucleases.
  • Molemma is finely divided dust of shellac.
  • Molya disease-resistant variety of barley is RD 2052.
  • Money supply in the Indian national economy is regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
  • The monoembryonic species of citrus is pumelo.
  • Monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, galactose, and mannose.
  • Monosaccharides possess reducing property due to the presence of a free aldehyde or keto group.
  • Monosaccharides that are used as energy sources include glucose and fructose.
  • Monosomic hypoploid is represented as 2n - 1.
  • Minimum Support Price is fixed by the government for cotton varieties such as H-4, H-777, and F-414.
  • Minimum TSS (Total Soluble Solids) percentage required in squash is 45%.
  • Minimum TSS percentage required in syrup is 65%.
  • The Minimum Wages Act for agricultural laborers was passed in 1948.
  • Mini-watersheds cover an area of up to 100 hectares.
  • The miracle forest tree, which provides fodder, fuel, pulpwood, and timber, is subabul.
  • Mites belong to the phylum Arthropoda and the class Arachnida.
  • Mites prefer warm, dry weather.
  • The term "mitosis" was coined by Walther Flemming in 1882.
  • Mixing neem cake with urea increases the efficiency of urea.
  • Mixing neem cake with urea enhances nutrient use efficiency.
  • The major producer of rice in the world is China.
  • IRRI (International Rice Research Institute) was established in 1960 in the Philippines.
  • The most commonly used disinfectant in water purification is chlorine.
  • The most commonly used substance for flower induction is paclobutrazol.
  • The most commonly used herbicides in sugarcane are simazine, atrazine, and alachlor.
  • The most commonly used method for selection from segregation generations of crosses in self-pollinated crops is the pedigree method.
  • The most concentrated nitrogenous fertilizer is anhydrous ammonia (81% N).
  • The most critical stage for irrigation in potato is the 25% tuber formation stage.
  • The most critical stage for irrigation of tobacco is topping.
  • The most dominant weed species in rice fields is Echinochloa spp.
  • The most expensive fruit in the world is pineapple.
  • The most fertile soil is alluvial soil.
  • The most frequently occurred item in a dataset is called the mode.
  • The most important and potent parasites belong to the order Hymenoptera.
  • The term "monsoon" is derived from an Arabic word.
  • Montek disease of rice is caused by the rice root nematode.
  • MOP (Muriate of Potash) contains 60% potassium.
  • Moringa oleifera is commonly known as drumstick.

  • Tillage known as stubble mulch tillage: Conservation tillage.
  • Tongue grafting is a modified form of: Whip grafting.
  • Chrysanthemum pollination type: Cross pollinated crop.
  • Crops of different heights grown in: Multi-storied cropping system.
  • Growing trees for timber with crops: Agri-silviculture.
  • Striga weed associated with: Sorghum.
  • Sugarcane type: Short day plant.
  • Capacity of soil to produce yield: Soil productivity.
  • Best soil structure for plant growth: Granular and crumb.
  • Water-soluble phosphorus content in single super phosphate: 16%.
  • Chemical used to kill weeds: Herbicide.
  • Form of repair grafting: Bridge grafting.
  • Method of storage for fruits and vegetables on farm: Zero energy cool chamber.
  • Facilitates surveying at night: GPS.
  • Trickle irrigation is also known as: Drip irrigation.
  • Herbicide for controlling weeds in groundnut: Fluchloralin.
  • Higher water use efficiency is observed in: Drip irrigation.
  • Removal of dried flowered shoots in canna: Mattocking.
  • Finisher ration for broiler poultry birds is given at: From 22 days up to sale.
  • Process of putting vegetables into containers of desired sizes: Packaging.
  • Moisture content of ghee: Not more than 0.5%.
  • Height of roof at side in stanchion: 2.4 m.
  • Horsepower obtained from one bullock: 0.75 hp.
  • Average freezing point depression of cow milk: 0.547°C.
  • Newcastle disease is also known as: Ranikhet disease.
  • Swelling over hip, thigh, and shoulder is a symptom of: Black quarter.
  • Age of an animal during 6 to 12 years is calculated by: Wear and tear of permanent incisors.
  • Vegetable that is acidic in nature: Tomato.
  • Giriraj breed of poultry developed by: Veterinary College, Bangalore.
  • Ripened fruits emit: Ethylene gas.
  • HN layer bird produces eggs per year: 250 to 260.
  • Churn should be filled up to when preparing butter: 1/3rd of its capacity.
  • Angle of artificial vagina while collecting semen: 45°.
  • Cattle should be weighed usually once in a: Month.
  • Vegetables are rich in: Minerals.
  • Vegetables are ___ in nature: Alkaline.
  • Injection of Vitamin D3 before parturition to avoid: Milk fever.
  • Causal organism of bacillary white diarrhea disease: Salmonella pullorum.
  • Dressing percentage of Osmanabadi breed of goat: 45-50%.
  • Dressing percentage is highest in: Goat
  • National water grid was proposed by: K. L. Rao.
  • Number of agro-climatic zones in India: 15.
  • ICAR was established on the recommendation of the Royal Commission of Agriculture in: 16 July 1929.
  • National water policy was announced in: 1987.
  • First KVK in India was established in Pondicherry in: 1974.
  • First agriculture minister of independent India: Rafi Ahmed Kidwai.
  • ICAR was reorganized in: 1965 and 1972.
  • Wheat variety that contributed much to the Green Revolution: HD 2329.
  • Number of agro-ecological zones in India: 20.
  • National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management is located at: Baramati, Maharashtra.
  • GM crop that occupies the largest area in the world: Soybean.
  • Element deficient in milk: Iron.
  • Father of field plot technique: J.B. Boussingault.
  • Biggest cultivated fruit in the world: Jackfruit.
  • Pusa Nanha is a mutant variety of: Papaya.
  • Milk city of India: Anand.
  • One more IARI-type institute being set up at: Assam.
  • National Biodiversity Authority is located at: Chennai.
  • Pashmina wool is obtained from Kashmiri: Goat.
  • Oleoresin is extracted from: Chillies.
  • One more Central Agricultural University being set up at: Barapani, Meghalaya.
  • Livestock Insurance Scheme started during 2005-06 in: 100 selected districts.
  • Remote Sensing was first introduced in 1960 by: Evelyn L. Pruitt.
  • Important greenhouse gas released from paddy fields and wasteland: Methane.
  • Bacillus thuringiensis was discovered by: S. Ishiwata.
  • First sunflower hybrid was DSH-129 and first mustard hybrid was: NRCBHB – 506.
  • National Agriculture Science Museum established in 2004 is located at: New Delhi.
  • Dolly clone (sheep) was created by: Wilmont.
  • Sudha Garden situated in New Delhi is an example of: Japanese style of gardening.
  • Sikkim became India’s first fully organic state on: January 18, 2016.
  • The Indian Central Sugarcane Committee was established in 1944 to oversee sugarcane production.
  • The Indian Central Cotton Committee was constituted in 1921 to promote cotton cultivation and research.
  • The National Commission of Agriculture was set up by the Government of India in 1970 to enhance agricultural policies.
  • The Imperial Lac Research Institute in Ranchi was established in 1925 to research lac production.
  • The 1st Five-Year Plan started in 1951 and lasted until 1956 to boost India's economic development.
  • The Food Corporation of India (F.C.I.) was established in 1970 to ensure food security in the country.
  • The nationalization of banks took place in 1969 to promote greater control over the banking sector.
  • NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) was established in 1980 to support rural development.
  • IARI (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) was established in Bihar in 1905 to advance agricultural research.
  • IARI was established under the Vice Royalty of Lord Curzon to promote agricultural research and education.
  • The building of IARI was damaged by an earthquake in 1934, impacting its operations.
  • The transfer of IARI from Pusa to New Delhi occurred in 1936 to facilitate better accessibility.
  • IARI was granted the status of deemed university in 1958 to enhance its academic recognition.
  • ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) was established by the recommendation of Lord Linlithgow.
  • The Imperial Council of Agricultural Research was established on 23rd May 1929 to coordinate agricultural research.
  • The first President of ICAR was Mohammad Habibullah, who played a key role in its establishment.
  • The first Secretary of ICAR was S.A. Hydari, who helped shape its initial functions.
  • The renaming of ICAR took place in March 1946 to reflect its evolving role in agricultural research.
  • The renaming of ICAR occurred under the presidency of Jogendra Singh to emphasize its objectives.
  • ICAR was reconstituted into a full autonomous body in 1966 to enhance its operational independence.
  • The first Director General of ICAR was Dr. B.P. Pal, known for his contributions to agricultural science.
  • The first Indian Director of IARI was Dr. B. Vishwanath, who led the institute's research initiatives.
  • The first Vice Chairman of ICAR was Diwan Bhadur Vijayaraj Acharya, instrumental in its governance.
  • The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) was established in 1960 in the Philippines to enhance rice production.
  • The Green Revolution occurred in 1965-66, significantly increasing agricultural production in India.
  • The White Revolution is related to milk production, transforming dairy farming in India.
  • The Blue Revolution pertains to fisheries, aiming to boost fish production and aquaculture.
  • The Round Revolution is associated with potato cultivation, enhancing its production techniques.
  • The Silver Revolution focuses on eggs and poultry, improving egg production in India.
  • The Brown Revolution is related to the production of fertilizers, promoting agricultural productivity.
  • NBAIM (National Bureau on Agriculturally Important Microorganisms) is located in New Delhi, focusing on microbial research.
  • The first step of summarizing data is classification, organizing data into categories.
  • The measure of central tendency used to study the average rate of change in population is the geometric mean.
  • To find the average size of shoes sold in the market, the mode should be used to identify the most common size.
  • To find the average speed of a vehicle when distances are covered at different speeds, the suitable measure is the harmonic mean.
  • To calculate the average of quantity prices, the harmonic mean is the appropriate measure of central tendency.
  • To find the average height of plants, we should use the arithmetic mean for accuracy.
  • We study measures of central tendency to represent the whole data with a single value for simplicity.
  • The suitable measure to find average speed when the time for each speed is fixed would be the arithmetic mean.
  • In industries for quality control, the most important measure of dispersion used is the range.
  • The relation between Arithmetic Mean, Geometric Mean, and Harmonic Mean is expressed as AM ≥ GM ≥ HM.
  • If all variable values are negative, the standard deviation will be positive, reflecting the spread of the data.
  • The Student's t-test was discovered by W.S. Gosset, used for statistical hypothesis testing.
  •  PKM 1 is a variety of drumsticks.
  • The Planning Commission was first formulated on 15 March 1950.
  • The Planning Commission was replaced by the National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2015; headquartered in New Delhi.
  • Plant cell walls are permeable in nature.