• Types of Subabul: Hawaiian, Salvador, Peru, Cunningham.
  • HDP in Cashew: High Density Planting.
  • Mexican Dwarf Wheat: T. aestivum (2n = 42).
  • Oldest Crop Improvement Method: Mass selection.
  • NABARD Head Office: Mumbai.
  • Outer Skin Color of Onion: Due to quercetin.
  • Pruning Techniques: Heading back and thinning out.
  • Highest Pesticide Consumption: Cotton (54%).
  • Highest Egg Producing State in India: Andhra Pradesh.
  • Highest Papain Yielding Papaya Variety: Pusa Majesty.
  • Highest Protein Containing Crop: Soybean.
  • Highest Rainfall in India: Mawsynram.
  • Crops with High Inbreeding Depression: Alfalfa and Carrot.
  • Highly Salt-Tolerant Crops: Barley and Sugarbeet.
  • Himani Variety: Cauliflower.
  • Nature of Beetle Hind Wings: Membranous.
  • Hinosan Trade Name: Edipheneous.
  • Hollow Berries in Pepper Cause: Pollu/Anthracnose.
  • Water Content in Honey: 18%.
  • Honey Enzyme Formation from Nectar: Invertase.
  • Hopper Burn in Rice: Caused by Nilaparvata lugens (BPH).
  • Herbicides Not in Dust Formulation Due to: Drifting hazards.
  • Nozzle Type for Herbicides: Flat-fan.
  • Herbicides Purpose: To kill weeds.
  • Softwood Cuttings for Vegetative Propagation: Used for Coleus, Begonia, Chrysanthemum, and Pepper.
  • Aneuploid: Missing one or few chromosomes from 2n.
  • Hibiscus Also Known As: Chinese Rose.
  • High Clouds Examples: Cirrus, Cirrostratus, Cirrocumulus.
  • High Density Mango Planting (2.5 m x 2.5 m): Amrapalli variety.
  • High Temperature Promotes CO₂ Production: Due to greater microbial activity.
  • High Volume Sprayers Fluid Requirement: >500 liters per hectare.
  • HYVP (High Yielding Varietal Programme): Started in 1966-67.
  • Husk Burial for Moisture Conservation: Practiced in coconut farming.
  • Hybrid Napier: Evolved by crossing Pennisetum typhoides and Pennisetum purpureum.
  • Dr. B.P. Pal: Rose variety.
  • Hybrid Maize Varieties: Ganga-1, 3, 5, 101, Ganga safed-2, Ranjit, Ganga-4.
  • Hybrid Rice Development: Using GMS (Genetic Male Sterility) and CGMS (Cytoplasmic Genetic Male Sterility) lines.
  • Pusa Jai Kisan (Mustard Hybrid Variety): Also called Bio 902.
  • First Hybrid Exploitation: In maize.
  • Hybrid Pearl Millet Varieties: HB-1 to 5, Pusa 23.
  • Hydraulic Sprayer Function: Operates by compressing liquid.
  • Hydrogen Sulfide Injury Resistance in Soil: Higher in iron-rich soil.
  • Rice Hydrothermal Process Saving Vitamin B12: Parboiling.
  • Hygrometer Usage: Measures humidity.
  • Horizontal Water Flow in Irrigation: Known as seepage.
  • Horizontal Air Movement: Called wind.
  • Meiosis Daughter Cells: Four.
  • Mitosis Daughter Cells: Two.
  • Types of Cells: Eukaryote and Prokaryote.
  • Strip Plot Design Error Variance: Three.
  • Human Chromosome Pairs: 23.
  • Nursery Area for 1 Hectare of Paddy: 1000 square meters.
  • Sugar in Ripe Banana: 14 grams.
  • Water Content in Watermelon: 90-95%.
  •  

  •  Nek Chand’s Rock Garden is located in Chandigarh.
  • The nematode and bacterial wilt-resistant variety of tomato is Arka Vardan.
  • The National Food Security Mission started in rabi 2007.
  • Instruments used for measuring root pressure are manometers.
  • The National Horticulture Mission was initiated in 2005-06.
  • The National Institute of Agricultural Marketing is located in Jaipur, Rajasthan.
  • The National Project on Management of Soil Health & Fertility (NPMSF) was introduced in 2008-09.
  • The National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA) is located in Hyderabad.
  • The National Research Centre for Agroforestry is situated in Jhansi (established in 1988).
  • The National Seed Corporation (NSC) was established in 1963.
  • The National Seed Rules (NSR) were started in 1968.
  • Instruments used for measuring the duration of sunshine are Campbell Stokes recorders.
  • The national tree of India is the banyan tree (Ficus benghalensis).
  • The natural genetic engineer is Agrobacterium.
  • NH4 fixation is more prevalent in montmorillonite.
  • Nicotiana rustica is grown for hookah, chewing, and snuff.
  • Nicotiana tabacum is grown for smoking and chewing.
  • Nicotine content in tobacco ranges from 0.5% to 5.5% (N. tabacum) and 3.5% to 8.0% (N. rustica).
  • Nicotine accumulates in the leaves of tobacco.
  • ‘Nidhi’ and ‘Sreedhara’ are varieties of coleus.
  • The Nilokheri project is associated with S.K. Dey.
  • Nipping practice is done in gram cultivation.
  • Nitrate levels in drinking water above 10 mg per litre are considered a human health hazard.
  • Nitrification inhibitors inhibit Nitrosomonas.
  • Nitrification is reduced in arid conditions.
  • Nitrogen availability in cooler regions is less.
  • Maize protein is called zein.
  • Nematodes in citrus crops are controlled by Nemagon.
  • Nematodes penetrate plant tissue with a buccal stylet.
  • The net gain of ATP during glycolysis is 2.
  • The net gain of ATP synthesis from one molecule of glucose in respiration is 36 ATP.
  • Net income refers to gross returns.
  • Net worth is calculated from the balance sheet.
  • Neutral fertilizer, also called Kishan khad, is calcium ammonium nitrate (26% N).
  • The neutralizing value of calcium carbonate is 100.
  • The neutralizing power of hydrated lime is 136.
  • The neutralizing value of dolomite is 109.
  • Newcastle disease is caused by a virus.
  • New leaves show deficiency symptoms of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and sulfur (S).
  • Newly formed alluvial soil is called khadar.
  • Nitrogen use efficiency in rice is around 30-40%.
  • Nitrogenous fertilizer can be top-dressed in cotton up to the first flowering.
  • Njallani is known as a wonder variety of cardamom.
  • The number one processing vegetable is tomato.
  • In the rag doll method of testing germination, normally 100 seeds are used.
  • Nodule formation in soybean is done by Rhizobium japonicum.
  • Non-leguminous nitrogen-fixing trees include Alnus nepalensis.
  • Non-reducing type sugar is sucrose.
  • Non-renewable resources include minerals and fossil fuels.
  • Non-projected visual aids include posters, charts, flashcards, bulletin boards, photographs, etc.
  • The normal date of commencement of the South-West monsoon in India is June 1st.
  • Normal rainwater is slightly acidic with a pH of about 5.6.
  • Normally, rice plants are transplanted at the 3-4 leaf stage.
  • Nitrogen-containing organic compounds form amines and ammonia.
  • Nitrogen content in groundnut cake is 7.3%.
  • A nitrogen-fixing tree is Leucaena leucocephala.
  • Nitrogen present in sodium nitrate is 16%.
  • Nitrogen present in ammonium sulfate nitrate is 26%.
  • Nitrogen present in ammonium chloride is 24%.
  • Nitrogen present in ammonium nitrate is 33-34%.
  • Nitrogen present in ammonium phosphate is 16%.
  • Nitrogen present in ammonium sulfate is 20.6%.
  • Nitrogen present in anhydrous ammonia is 81%.
  • Nitrogen present in calcium cyanide is 21%.
  • Nitrogen present in calcium nitrate is 15.5%.
  • Nitrogen present in CAN (calcium ammonium nitrate) is 26%.
  • Nitrogen present in urea is 46%.
  • NRY means Nehru Rozgar Yojana.
  • Nucleic acids were first discovered by Friedrich Miescher in 1868.
  • Nullisomic refers to 2n-2.
  • The sowing time of wheat is typically from 15 Nov. to 20 Nov. in most regions of India. This timing is crucial for optimal growth.
  • The spacing of row to row in wheat cultivation is generally 22.5 cm. This spacing helps in maximizing light interception and reducing competition.
  • The most critical stage for irrigation in wheat is the C.R.I. (Critical Reproductive Irrigation) stage. Proper irrigation at this stage is essential for achieving high yields.
  • The C.R.I. stage occurs approximately 30-40 days after sowing. This stage is critical for grain filling and kernel development.
  • The gene responsible for dwarfness in wheat is Norin 10. This gene is important for producing shorter plants that resist lodging and improve yield stability.
  • An important mimicry weed of wheat is Phalaris minor. This weed competes with wheat for resources and can significantly reduce yields.
  • Common bread wheat is known scientifically as Triticum aestivum. This species is widely grown for its grain and is a staple food source.
  • The flowering portion of wheat is called the ear, head, or spike. This structure contains the flowers and subsequently develops into grain.
  • The test weight of wheat is approximately 40 grams per 1000 seeds. This metric is an indicator of grain quality.
  • The shelling percentage of wheat is about 60%. This percentage represents the ratio of the grain yield to the total harvested weight.
  • Triticum spherococcum is also known as Indian dwarf wheat or club wheat. This variety is adapted to specific growing conditions in India.
  • The central zigzag axis of the wheat grain is referred to as the rachis. This structure connects the spikelets on the ear.
  • Triple gene dwarf varieties of wheat were released in the year 1970. These varieties contributed to the Green Revolution.
  • Milking stage This irrigation schedule ensures adequate water supply during critical growth periods.
  • Seminal roots are considered temporary roots. They develop from the seed and help anchor the plant during early growth.
  • The fruit type of wheat is called caryopsis. This is a dry, single-seeded fruit where the seed is fused with the fruit wall.
  • The first man-made cereal is triticale, which is a hybrid cereal grain. It combines desirable traits from both wheat and rye.
  • Triticale is the result of a cross between wheat (Triticum) and rye (Secale). This hybrid aims to combine the yield potential of wheat with the disease resistance of rye.
  • The temperature for germination of wheat seed is typically between 20-25°C. This temperature range is optimal for seed activation and sprouting.
  • The protein content in wheat generally ranges from 8-11%. This protein is crucial for the nutritional quality of wheat-based products.
  • Triticum aestivum is classified as a hexaploid type of wheat. It has six sets of chromosomes, which contributes to its genetic diversity and adaptability.
  • The seed bed for gram should be rough. A rough seed bed helps in better seed placement and enhances moisture retention.
  • The fruit of gram is known as a pod. Each pod contains one or more seeds, which are the edible part of the plant.
  • The spacing for gram cultivation is typically 30 x 10 cm. This spacing allows sufficient room for plant growth and air circulation.
  • The protein content in gram is approximately 21%. This high protein content makes gram (chickpea) a valuable food source.
  • Gram is classified as a rabi crop, which means it is sown in the winter season and harvested in the spring.
  • Notable varieties of gram developed by IARI (Indian Agricultural Research Institute) include Pusa 209 and BG 203. These varieties are bred for improved yield and disease resistance.
  • The critical stages for irrigation in gram cultivation are during the pre-flowering and pod developing stages. Adequate water supply at these times is essential for optimal pod formation and yield.
  • The botanical name of arhar (pigeon pea) is Cajanus cajan. This legume is widely cultivated for its edible seeds.
  • The origin of arhar is believed to be South Africa. It is now grown in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.
  • The temperature for germination of arhar seeds is typically between 30-35°C. This warm temperature promotes seed activation and sprouting.
  • The temperature for optimal growth of arhar is generally between 20-25°C. This range supports healthy vegetative and reproductive development.
  • The sowing time of arhar is usually around 15 June in India, aligning with the onset of the monsoon season.
  • The spacing for arhar is generally 60 x 15 cm. This wider spacing allows for adequate growth and sunlight penetration.
  • The proportion of seeds to pods in arhar is typically around 50-60%. This ratio influences the overall yield of the crop.
  • The highest production of arhar in India is found in the state of Uttar Pradesh. This state is a major contributor to the country’s pigeon pea production.
  • The highest productivity for arhar in India is reported in the state of Bihar. This indicates successful cultivation practices in the region.
  • Early maturing varieties of arhar include Prabhat and UPAS 120. These varieties are favored for their quick growth cycle.
  • The harvest index of arhar is around 19%, which is considered very low. This indicates a relatively small proportion of the plant's biomass is converted into grain.
  • The hybrid variety of arhar released by ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics) is ICPH-8. This hybrid is known for its high yield potential.
  • The protein content in arhar is approximately 25%. This high protein level makes it a valuable source of nutrition.
  • The arrowing stage in sugarcane typically occurs 300-350 days after planting. This is the period when the inflorescence starts to develop, indicating the plant's transition towards maturity.
  • The state with the highest number of sugar mills in India is Uttar Pradesh, with 105 mills. This state is a major hub for sugarcane cultivation and sugar production.
  • In sugarcane, the upper one-third part is used for sowing due to its high nitrogenous substances and glucose, which promote better germination and early growth of the plant.
  • The state with the highest sugar production per unit area is Maharashtra. This indicates effective cultivation practices and favorable climatic conditions.
  • A higher dose of nitrogen in sugarcane cultivation can lead to a decrease in sucrose content. This is important for growers to balance nutrient application for optimal sugar production.
  • The most critical stage for irrigation in sugarcane is the formative stage. Adequate water during this phase is essential for proper growth and development.
  • The formative stage of sugarcane typically occurs 60-130 days after planting. This period is crucial for establishing the plant and maximizing yield potential.
  • The most popular planting method for sugarcane in North India is flat bed planting. This method allows for better moisture retention and ease of management.
  • A Brix reading of 16-18% is considered ideal for assessing the proper maturity of sugarcane. This measurement indicates the sugar concentration in the juice.
  • The jaggery extracted from sugarcane juice typically contains 9-10% sucrose. This traditional sweetener is made by evaporating the juice.
  • The sucrose content in sugarcane can range from 13-24%. Higher sucrose levels are desirable for sugar production.
  • The sugar content extracted from juice is usually around 6-10%. This percentage can vary based on several factors, including cane variety and maturity.
  • Saline soils are considered unsuitable for sugarcane cultivation. These soils negatively affect plant growth and sugar yield.
  • Noble cane refers to Saccharum officinarum. This species is commonly used for sugar production and is known for its high sugar content.
  • Adsali sugarcane is typically planted in June-July. This timing aligns with the monsoon season, which provides necessary moisture for establishment.
  • The duration of adsali sugarcane cultivation is approximately 18 months. This long growth period allows the plants to mature fully and maximize yield.
  • A Brix meter is used for measuring the maturity of sugarcane. This instrument assesses the sugar content in the juice.
  • The state with the largest area and production of sugarcane is Uttar Pradesh. This state is a leading contributor to India's sugar industry.
  • The state with the highest productivity of sugarcane is Tamil Nadu. This indicates effective agricultural practices and favorable conditions.
  • The seed rate for 3-budded sets of sugarcane is 25,000 to 30,000 sets per hectare. This is a common practice for optimizing plant population.
  • The seed rate for 2-budded sets is typically 45,000 to 50,000 sets per hectare. This ensures adequate plant density for good yield.
  • The seed rate for single-budded sets in sugarcane is around 1,25,000 sets per hectare. This method allows for maximum plant establishment.
  • The origin of sugarcane is attributed to India. This region is one of the primary centers for sugarcane cultivation and domestication.
  • Set roots in sugarcane are classified as temporary roots. These roots develop from the nodes of the cane and are important for initial plant establishment.
  • The temperature required for the grand phase in sugarcane growth is around 70°F (approximately 21°C). This temperature is crucial for optimal development during the maturation process.
  • Earthing up in sugarcane cultivation should be done in the month of June-July. This practice helps in improving soil structure and providing support to the growing plants.
  • Tying of sugarcane plants is typically done in August. This is when the plants are sufficiently tall and need support to prevent lodging.
  • The sowing time for the Eksali crop (a variety of sugarcane) is during January-February in South India. This timing aligns with the climatic conditions for successful growth.
  • The Wonder cane refers to the variety COC-671, known for its high sugar percentage. This variety is favored for its sugar yield.
  • The chemical used as a sugarcane ripener is glyphosate. This herbicide helps accelerate the ripening process, leading to higher sucrose content.
  • The recommended spacing of row to row in sugarcane cultivation is 90 cm. Proper spacing ensures adequate light and air circulation for the plants.
  • The wild type cane is known as Sorghum spontaneum. This species is a progenitor of cultivated sugarcane and can be found in various regions.
  • The family of sugarcane is Gramineae (also known as Poaceae). This family includes grasses, cereals, and other important crops.
  • Burning of canes is done to improve sucrose and juice quality. This practice helps remove extraneous materials and increases the concentration of sugars in the juice.
  •  India holds the first position in the production of sugarcane and sugar in the world.
  • Punjab is known as India’s Bread Basket.
  • India’s first agricultural university was started in 1960 at Pantnagar.
  • India ranks 2nd globally in agricultural production.
  • India ranks 4th in the production of natural rubber.
  • India's share in the world production of mango is about 54%.
  • The Indian Cardamom Research Institute is located at Myladumpara, Idukki.
  • The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) was established on July 16, 1929, based on the Royal Commission of 1928.
  • In which garden is the arrangement of rocks a main feature? Japanese garden.
  • In the triangle planting system, a tree is planted on a corner of each angle.
  • Crossing over takes place in the pachytene stage.
  • The Government of India passed the National Seed Corporation in 1963.
  • The National Seed Policy was announced in 2002.
  • Susceptibility refers to a plant's inability to resist the effect of a pathogen.
  • Dormancy is the inability of freshly harvested seeds to germinate for a period of time.
  • Inbred lines will lead to 10 single crosses.
  • Income tax is an example of a direct tax.
  • The IW/CPE ratio of safflower is 0.4 (lowest).
  • An increase in money supply and a fall in production causes inflation.
  • Increased fruit size in grapes is due to the application of GA3.
  • Indica rice is grown in India.
  • Indira Gandhi Agricultural University started in 1987.
  • INDOFIL M45 is the trade name of Mancozeb.
  • Indu is a popular variety of ash gourd (Benincasa hispida).
  • Infiltration rate is relatively higher in sandy soil.
  • The inflection point is found in the irrational zone.
  • The IW/CPE ratio of 0.6 is applicable to gram, groundnut, and pigeonpea.
  • The initial distinguishing character for identification of Phalaris minor is that its basal node is pink up to 50 days.
  • Air layering is a method where the rooting medium is taken to the branches.
  • Inorganic acids like sulphuric acid and nitric acid are potent suppliers of hydrogen ions in the soil.
  • Inorganic matter comprises 45% of soil.
  • Insect pests belong to the phylum Arthropoda.
  • The insecticidal properties of BHC were discovered by Dupire.
  • Indian dwarf/club wheat is T. spherococum (2n= 28).
  • Indian Farmers’ Fertilizer Cooperative is known as IFFCO.
  • The Indian Forest Act came into existence in 1927.
  • The Indian geostationary satellite used to take cloud pictures is Insat 2-A.
  • The Indian Institute of Pulses Research is located at Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh.
  • The Indian Institute of Spices Research is located at Kozhikode (Kerala).
  • The Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research (IISR) is situated at Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.
  • The Indian Institute of Vegetable Research is located in Varanasi, UP.
  • Pusa Majesty is a gynodioecious variety.
  • The Indian Meteorological Organization (IMD) was established in Pune in 1932.
  • The IW/CPE ratio of cotton is 0.7.
  • The IW/CPE ratio of 0.9 is applicable to wheat and maize.
  • Indian/old world cottons include Gossypium arboreum and G. herbaceum.
  • The instrument used for estimating ET under field conditions is a can evaporimeter.
  • The instrument used for measuring the concentration of ozone in the air is an ozonometer.
  • The instrument used for measuring the duration of solar radiation is a sunshine recorder.
  • The instrument used for measuring the intensity of solar radiation is a luxmeter.
  • The instrument used for measuring relative humidity in the crop field is a psychrometer.
  • The instrument used for measuring wind direction is a wind vane.
  • The instrument used for measuring wind velocity is an anemometer.
  • The instrument used for soil collection in wetlands is a soil auger.
  • The most poisonous pollutant in water is arsenic.
  • The Intensive Agriculture Development Programme (IADP) was launched in July 1960.
  • Interculture operations in groundnut crops should be avoided at the pegging stage.
  • Internal fruit necrosis is due to boron deficiency.
  • The insecticidal properties of DDT were discovered by Dr. Paul Muller in 1939.
  • The Insecticide Act was introduced in 1968.
  • Insecticide dust carriers have a particle size of 1-40 microns.
  • DDT is the insecticide found in the fat tissue of milch animals.
  • Azadirachtin is an insecticide of plant origin.
  • Insecticide rules came into force in 1971.
  • Endosulfan was widely used as an insecticide in cashew.
  • Insecticides used in gaseous forms are called fumigants.
  • Insects belong to the class Insecta/Hexapoda.
  • Insects have six legs.
  • Insects have one or two pairs of wings.
  • The full form of DARE is the Department of Agricultural Research and Education.
  • Instruments to measure relative humidity include psychrometers and hygrometers.
  • Formal gardens contain symmetry and geometry.
  • Inverted ‘T’ budding is observed in roses.
  • In vitro culture of plant cells, tissues, and organs under aseptic conditions is known as plant tissue culture.
  • The IRDP was implemented in 1980.
  • The Irish Famine was due to late blight of potato caused by Phytophthora infestans.
  • IRMA (Institute of Rural Management in Agriculture) is located at Anand, Gujarat.
  • Irregular shape is the nature of informal gardens.
  • The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) is located in Manila, Philippines.
  • Irrigation is applied to the crop at the 50% soil moisture depletion stage.
  • The irrigation method suitable for lowland rice is flooding.
  • The irrigation method suitable for undulating land, sandy soils, and vegetable and fruit crops is the sprinkler method.
  • An irrigation project covering less than 2,000 hectares of CCA is classified as a minor irrigation project.