- 1 atmosphere = 1036 cm of water.
- The major constituent of poultry feed is Maize.
- The major genetic constituent of a chromosome is DNA.
- The market used for durable goods is the National market.
- The market used for food grains is the Regional or State market.
- The market that is permanent in nature is called the Secular market.
- The material contained in vacuoles is known as Cell sap.
- The maximum number of treatments adopted in RBD (Randomized Block Design) is 20.
- The maximum phosphorus availability in most soils occurs in the pH range of 6.0 to 6.5.
- The maximum pore space is found in Clay soil.
- The molecule that helps in decoding genetic information carried by DNA is RNA.
- In the sprinkler irrigation method, pressure and discharge rate should be Pressure: 2.5-4.5 kg/cm²; Discharge rate: >1000 lit/hr.
- The more nutrient-exhaustive family is Poaceae (Graminae).
- The most abundant biomolecules on earth are Carbohydrates.
- The most abundant protein present in the world is Rubisco.
- The most accepted theory of water absorption is the Transpiration pull theory.
- The most appropriate and effective type of crop cultivation in forests is Intercropping.
- The most appropriate design when not all factors are equally important in experimentation is the Split Plot Design (SPD).
- The most appropriate transformation for percentage is the Angular transformation.
- The most common size of a poster is 50 cm x 75 cm.
- The most common symptoms to judge the maturity of sugarcane are Cane becomes brittle, produces a metallic sound, and breaks easily at nodes.
- The milling recovery of rice is 70%.
- The minimum desirable limit of moisture in paddy seeds is 12%.
- The minimum germination percentage prescribed for cucumber seed is 60%.
- The minimum price at which the government is prepared to buy agricultural commodities is known as the Minimum Support Price (MSP).
- The Minimum Wages Act was enacted by the Government of India in 1948.
- The moisture content at the harvesting stage of wheat is 25-30%.
- The moisture content of soil at which plants permanently wilt and will not recover is called the Permanent Wilting Point (PWP).
- The moisture content of soil between Field Capacity and Permanent Wilting Point is called Available moisture.
- The moisture deficit condition occurs when the amount of water vapor available in the soil is insufficient to meet the demand of potential evapotranspiration, known as Drought.
- The molecule that encodes genetic information is DNA.
- The most common pit size for fruit planting is 1 m × 1 m × 1 m.
- The most dangerous disease of sugarcane is Red rot disease.
- An excellent device for measuring small flows is the 900- “V” notch weir.
- The most destructive phase of the bacterial blight of rice is known as Kresek.
- The most dominant mineral in the earth's crust is Feldspar (48%).
- The most dominant soil order in India is Entisol.
- The most frost-affected crop among all field crops is Gram.
- The most ideal agency for supplying credit to farmers in rural areas is Cooperatives.
- The most ideal stage of bael for making preserve is the Mature green stage.
- The most important agroforestry practice is Acacia leucophloea + Cenchrus setigerus.
- The most important critical period of maize is during Tasseling and silking.
- In a 900- “V” notch weir, discharge may be computed by Q = 0.0138 H^2.5.
- The most important critical stage of wheat is Crown root initiation (CRI 20-25 DAS).
- The most common system of farming observed in India is Peasant farming.
- The most common varieties of jute are JRC-321 (Sonali), JRC-212 (Sabuj Sona), JRC 7447 (Shyamli), Hybrid C (Padma), KC1 (Joydev), etc.
- The most common varieties of linseed are Jawahar-7, 17, 18, 552, Kiran, Mukta, Sweta, Gourav, Shital.
- The most common varieties of soybean are JS-2, 335, Indira Soya-9, PK-472, 1024, Gaurav, Ankur, Brag, Clark.
- The most common varieties of sunflower are Modern, MSFH-8, 17, Jwalamukhi, KBSH-1, JS-1, Sunrise selection.
- The most common water flow measuring device that measures water flow in an open conduit is the Parshall/Venturi flume.
- The most commonly used design in experiments is Randomized Block Design (RBD).
- The most critical stage of sugarcane for irrigation is the Formative stage (60-130 days after planting).
- In a drip system, the discharge rate of water per dripper is generally 1-8 lit/hr at a pressure of 1.5-2.5 kg/cm².
- The Typhoon system of drip irrigation is used in Sugarcane.
- The movement of nutrient ions and salts along with moving water is known as Mass flow.
- The National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) was introduced in the country from Rabi 1999-2000.
- The National Agriculture Policy (NAP) was announced on 28th July 2000.
- Soil moisture tension at Permanent Wilting Point (PWP) is about -15 bars or 15 atmospheres.
- The nearest thermal layer to the earth’s surface is the Troposphere.
- The negative logarithm of H+ ion concentration is known as Soil pH.
- The net assimilation rate is expressed in terms of g cm⁻² day⁻¹.
- The net capital ratio is given by Total assets / Total liabilities.
- The neutralizing power of a liming material is expressed in K/gs of Calcium Carbonate.
- The new botanical name of tomato is Solanum lycopersicon.
- The new name of the Agricultural Prices Commission is the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.
- The most important enzyme involved in photosynthetic CO2 fixation in C3 plants is Rubisco.
- The most important enzyme involved in photosynthetic CO2 fixation in C4 plants is PEP carboxylase.
- The most important soil group of India is Alluvial Soils.
- The most important unit of farm management is the Production unit.
- The most popular mechanical measure to control soil erosion and conserve is Contour Bunding.
- The most popular method for potato planting is Ridge and Furrow.
- The most prominent and adopted cropping pattern in India is Rice - Wheat.
- Glyphosate is a non-selective herbicide.
- Indian mustard is classified as Brassica juncea.
- Mass flow is affected by transpiration.
- The carbon content in organic matter is 58%.
- Desi cotton is known as Gossypium arboreum.
- Metric suction is measured by a tensiometer.
- The nitrogen bio-fertilizer for wheat is Azotobacter.
- Brix measures in terms of total soluble solids (TSS).
- Vertical mulch is used in black cotton soils.
- The design used when the fertility gradient is in two directions is LSD (Least Significant Difference).
- The criteria of essentiality were given by Arnon & Stout.
- The nucleus was discovered by Robert Brown.
- Segregation occurs during meiosis only.
- The longest mitotic phase is prophase.
- Tetrad is seen in pachytene.
- Chiasma is observed during diplotene.
- Multi lines in wheat are produced by back cross breeding.
- The selection procedure that provides the maximum improvement in the base population is pure line selection.
- The most dangerous disease of potato is late blight.
- Phyllody disease in plants is caused by mycoplasma.
- The father of plant nematology is Bastian.
- Rice production is highest in the world in China.
- Single super phosphate contains 12% sulfur.
- The most prominent soil group of India is alluvial soil.
- Muriate of potash is chemically known as KCl.
- The highest contribution to vegetable oil production is from Groundnut.
- The explosive fertilizer is ammonium nitrate.
- The most mutation-tolerant plants are polyploids.
- The person acting as a connecting link between higher department officials and the farming community in the T & V system is known as Village Extension Worker.
- The pest that attacks all parts of the plant is the termite.
- White grubs prefer to lay eggs in sandy soil.
- Pesticide consumption in India is 450 g/ha.
- The micro-nutrient deficient in India is zinc (Zn).
- Mantek disease of rice is caused by the rice root nematode.
- The international pest is Schistocerca gregaria.
- The first fisheries university in India was CIFE, Mumbai.
- The Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology is located in Pune.
- The second Indian recipient of the World Food Prize was Dr. Varghese Kurien.
- A spike tooth harrow is a type of secondary tillage implement.
- India ranks first in fruit production.
- Club root of cauliflower is caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae.
- Sheath blight of rice is caused by Rhizoctonia solani.
- The father of microbiology is Louis Pasteur.
- The bacterium was discovered by Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
- The variety of wheat resistant to all three rusts is Chotilerma.
- In sugarcane, taking a ratoon crop is advisable only for one time.
- Wilt disease is a soil-borne disease.
- The vector of leaf curl disease in cotton is the whitefly.
- ‘Flared square’ symptoms in cotton are due to the spotted bollworm.
- The number of electrons required for the conversion of NO₃⁻ to NH₄⁺ is 8.
- The conversion of fat to sugar occurs in glyoxysomes.
- The net requirement for assimilation of CO₂ in C4 plants is 5.
- The primary electron acceptor in PS II is pheophytin.
- Gneiss is a metamorphic rock.
- Under the USDA system, silt is classified as having a particle size of 0.02 to 0.002 mm.
- Hygroscopic water is held at a tension of 31 or more atmospheres.
- Kaolinite is a 1:1 type layer silicate.
- Clays are secondary minerals.
- CAN is a neutral fertilizer.
- The most widely used additive for correcting soil acidity is lime.
- The largest importer of cut flowers in the world is Germany.
- The density of water is maximum at 4°C.
- The diara cultivation method is followed in cucurbits.
- The irrigation method suitable for saline soils is the flood method.
- The role of extension education in India is performed by State Agricultural Universities (SAUs).
- Extension is a two-way flow of message.
- The oldest method of selection is mass selection.
- The limit of the regression coefficient is 0 to 1.
- A highly salt-tolerant crop is barley.
- The formation of male flowers is induced by GA3.
- Cytokinin is mostly synthesized in root tips.
- The recent method of controlling bollworms is Bt. transgenic plants.
- Orobanche is a parasite associated with tobacco.
- Dr. B.P. Pal is associated with breeding.
- The art of giving shape to shrubs resembling a figure is called topiary.
- The dwarf variety of mango is Amrapali.
- Mango malformation can be checked by NAA spray.
- Photo-respiration occurs in chloroplast.
- Photosynthesis is an oxidation-reduction process.
- The root-promoting hormone is IBA.
- The fruit of rose is known as hips.
- The concentration of sugar used for preservation is 60 – 70%.
- The fruit crop that requires the highest number of irrigations is banana.
- Photosystem II is absent in C4 plants.
- The conversion of fat into carbohydrate occurs in the glyoxylate cycle.
- Peroxisome is a single membrane organelle.
- The main site for the dark reaction of photosynthesis is the stroma.
- The F2 ratio for complementary interaction is 9:7.
- The shortest phase of all the mitosis phases is anaphase.
- The longest phase of all the mitosis phases is prophase.
- HYVP, IADP, training & visit, and group farming are agricultural extension programs of India.
- Mulching, contour, and mixed cropping are agronomic methods of soil and water conservation.
- Urea is an amide fertilizer.
- Examples of informal gardens include the English garden and Japanese garden.
- Examples of formal gardens include Mughal garden, Italian garden, Vrindavan garden, and Persian garden.
- Examples of heterocyclic nitrogenous fungicides include Captafol and Captan.
- Examples of nematicides include Aldicarb, Dimethoate, and Phorate.
- Mangosteen is an example of an obligate apomict.
- Examples of organic sulphur fungicides include Thiram, Ziram, Ferbam, Zineb, and Maneb.
- Triacontanol is a growth stimulant obtained from the leaves of lucerne.
- Zinc sulphate is an example of a safener in pesticide formulations.
- Soap flour is an example of a spreader in pesticide formulations.
- Fish oil and linseed oil are examples of stickers in pesticide formulations.
- Trichogramma chilonis is an example of a parasitoid.
- The low-pressure area near the equator is called the doldrums or ITCZ (Intertropical Convergence Zone).
- Bacillus thuringiensis is an example of an entomopathogen.
- Fumigation is an effective method for controlling pests of stored food grains.
- Examples of biofertilizers include Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, blue-green algae, VAM (Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizae), AMF (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi), and phosphate solubilizing bacteria and fungi.
- Nitrogenase is the enzyme of nitrogen reduction.
- Examples of primary clay minerals present in the soil include quartz, feldspar, and mica.
- Examples of secondary clay minerals include montmorillonite, illite, and calcite.
- Granite is an example of acidic igneous rock.
- Examples of emulsifiers in pesticide formulations include sodium oleate and triethanol amine.
- Examples of inorganic insecticides include arsenic compounds and fluorine.
- Examples of anti-fungal antibiotics include Aureofunginsol and streptomycin.
- Examples of cut flowers include rose, orchid, gladiolus, and anthurium.
- Examples of cyclodiene group insecticides include heptachlor, aldrin, and endrin.
- Gelatin is an example of a deflocculating agent in pesticide formulations.
- Examples of fiber crops include cotton, jute, sunhemp, agave, and flax.
- Examples of green manure crops include Glyricidia, Daincha, and Subabul.
- Examples of predators include ladybird beetles, tiger beetles, and Lycosa spiders.
- Examples of vegetable crops include tomato, brinjal, amaranthus, and snake gourd.
- Examples of antibacterial antibiotics include Agimycin and Plantomycin.
- Aureofunginsol is an example of an antifungal antibiotic.
- Examples of chemosterilants include Tepa and Metepa.
- Examples of insects with complete metamorphosis include moths, butterflies, beetles, bees, wasps, ants, and fleas.
- Examples of insects with incomplete metamorphosis include grasshoppers, locusts, bugs, aphids, cockroaches, termites, and crickets.
- Examples of insects without metamorphosis include silverfish and springtails.
- Examples of cultural control of insect pests include mixed cropping, tilling, and trap cropping.
- The crop that has the highest K+ uptake is potato.
- Trichogramma sp, Telenomus sp, and Tetrastychus sp are egg parasites.
- Examples of engineering (mechanical) methods of soil and water conservation include basin listing, subsoiling, and contour bunding.
- Molybdenum is the element of nitrate reduction.
- Fusarium pallidoroseum is an entomopathogenic fungus used against black pea aphid of cow pea.
- Metarrhizium anisopliae is an example of an entomopathogenic fungus.
- Examples of epiphytic orchids include Dendrobium, Oncidium, Cattleya, Cymbidium, and Phalaenopsis.
- Sulphur mix is an example of an eradicant fungicide.
- Examples of erosion permitting crops include sorghum, maize, and tapioca.
- Examples of erosion resisting crops include vetiver, groundnut, and horse gram.
- The effect where vertical heat transfers from warmer to cooler crop areas is called the oasis effect.
- Examples of condiments include coriander and cumin.
- Examples of cool season crops include barley, wheat, potato, and carrot.
- Avermectin and Milbemycin are insecticides of Actinomycetic origin.
- Spinosad, Mycotal, and Vertalec are insecticides of fungal origin.
- Virtuss, Gypchek, and Neochek are insecticides prepared from viruses.
- Endosulfan is an insecticide that was recently banned due to public health hazards.
- Nephoscope is an instrument used to measure the height, movement, and velocity of clouds.
- Examples of oilseed crops include groundnut, sunflower, and sesame.
- Mericlone is an orchid plant made through meristem culture.
- Neris toxin is an organic insecticide of animal origin.
- Examples of organic insecticides of plant origin include nicotine, pyrethrine, and rotenone.
- A predator is an organism that eats more than one other organism during its life.
- Examples of organochlorine insecticides include DDT and BHC (banned).
- Examples of organophosphorus fungicides include Ediphenphos, Kitazin, and Triodemefon.
- Examples of organophosphorus insecticides include Quinolphos, Phosphamidon, Dimethoate, Monocrotophos, and Phorate.
- The horizontal heat transfer from warmer areas to cooler areas is known as the cloth line effect.
- Examples of exotic breeds of cattle include Brown Swiss, Holstein Friesian, Ayrshire, Guernsey, and Jersey.
- Examples of extension aids include charts, posters, leaflets, pamphlets, bulletin boards, and slide shows.
- Zero tillage is an extreme form of minimum tillage.
- Base saturation is an important index of soil fertility in arid soils.
- The mango hopper is an important pest of mango.
- Examples of Indian poultry breeds include Aseel, Chittagong, Ghagus, Karaknath, and Tellicherry.
- Remote sensing is an indirect method of assessment of pests.