- Diara cultivation method is followed in cucurbits.
- Swajaldhara is a drinking water project initiated on December 25, 2002.
- Sweating is practiced as part of the processing of vanilla beans.
- Sweet sorghum varieties include RSSV 46, 53, 59, 84, 96, and NSS 216.
- Fructose is the sweetest sugar among all.
- Tenera is a hybrid variety of oil palm.
- A tensiometer is used for measuring soil moisture.
- The term 'Heterosis' was given by Shull.
- Terminal shoots of brinjal that appear withered indicate infestation by Leucinodes orbonalis (brinjal fruit & shoot borer).
- Terminator Seed Technology was developed by Delta & Pine Land Company, USA, which was later acquired by Monsanto.
- Terminator technology is recently used in cotton.
- Termites belong to the order Isoptera or Blattodea.
- Tetrasaccharides contain stachyose.
- Tetrasomic refers to 2n + 2.
- Tetrastychus is a potential egg parasite in rice fields, infesting stem borers and leaf folders.
- An example of a C3 weed is Bathua (Lambsquarter).
- Thai Sac Brood Virus (TSBV) causes disease in honeybees.
- Tharparkar is a dual-purpose breed of cattle.
- Tachinid parasite of Opisina is Spoggosia.
- Tall lanky tillers and aerial adventitious roots in rice indicate foot rot disease.
- Tape recorders, radios, and telephones are audio aids.
- Turpentine oil is prepared from pine trees.
- Taungya system refers to hill cultivation.
- The tea mosquito bug is a major pest of cashew.
- Dieback in cashew is caused by the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae.
- Technical form of insecticide has a purity of 80-96%.
- The Technology Mission on Pulses and Oilseeds (TEMPO) was started in 1986.
- Television is a type of projected audio-visual aid.
- The seed rate of sorghum is 9-12 kg/ha.
- Fertilizer application through irrigation is known as fertigation.
- The temperature required for bolting in onion is < 15°C.
- “Tenera” is a hybrid between Dura and Pisifera.
- The act of identifying and removing undesired plants from agricultural fields is known as roguing.
- The adults that are spiny and black, infesting the upper surface of brinjal leaves, are Urentius (lace bug).
- Agronomic measures are used to reduce erosion where the slope is less than 2%.
- The air-borne disease of rice is rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae).
- The alternate crops recommended to sow under late onset of monsoon include castor, greengram, cowpea, and sunflower.
- The amount of soil moisture or water content held in soil after excess water has drained away is called field capacity (FC).
- Bench terracing is usually practiced on slopes ranging from 16-33%.
- The annual groundwater resource of India is 50 M ha m.
- The apparent diameter of the water molecule is 0.25 mm.
- The highest award presented to an agricultural scientist in the country is the Rafi Ahmad Kidwai award.
- The % of pure seed prescribed as per minimum seed certification standards (1971) for truthfully labeled paddy seed is 97%.
- The 'C' horizon of soil represents parental material.
- The 'father of modern genetics' is Gregor John Mendel.
- The 'filler tree technology' is associated with the quincunx system.
- The 'retreating monsoon' is also known as the North East Monsoon.
- The first function performed in the marketing of agricultural commodities is packing.
- The three basic principles of field experimentation are replication, randomization, and local control.
- The three Rs of credit are returns, repayment capacity, and risk-bearing ability.
- The ability of a seed to germinate is called seed viability.
- The ability of seed to grow is known as vigor.
- The absorption of the solar spectrum by leaves is very high in the red and blue bands.
- The accepted theory of Mendel is the law of segregation.
- The atmospheric wind velocity is measured using an anemometer (Robinson's cup anemometer).
- The attack of the 'Gundhi bug' (rice bug) can be recognized by an unpleasant odor from the paddy field.
- The attraction of solid surfaces for water molecules is called adhesion.
- The author of the book 'The Silent Spring' is Rachel Carson.
- The author of the book “Irrigation Principles and Practices” is Israelson.
- The authors of the book “Manual on Irrigation Agronomy” are Misra & Ahmed.
- The average of the sum of squares of the deviation about the mean is called variance.
- The average value for a character of the two parents of the concerned hybrid is known as mid parent or average heterosis.
- The average weight of very fine fiber is < 3.00 mg.
- The average yield of chickpea in irrigated conditions in India is 12-15 qt/ha.
- The average yield of mung in India is 12-15 qt/ha.
- The application of the same fertilizer more than once to a crop is known as split application.
- The area of land represented by one soil profile is called a pedon.
- The area under forest land in India is 67 million hectares (20.36%).
- Areas receiving average annual rainfall > 1150 mm are categorized as rainfed farming.
- The arrangement of colorful potted plants in different tiers around a central object (like a tree trunk or lamp post) is called a trophy.
- The variety of wheat that is resistant to all three rusts is Choti Lerma.
- The arrangement of soil particles into groups or aggregates is known as soil structure.
- The cultivation of two or more crops of different heights simultaneously on a certain piece of land is called multistoried cropping.
- The artificial application of water to supply moisture essential for plant growth is termed irrigation.
- The book on weed management is written by T.K. Das.
- Tip burn of paddy is due to reduced O2 and N2 under submerged conditions.
- The basis of the Cobb-Douglas production function is constant elasticity of substitution.
- The concept of an ecological pyramid was first introduced by Charles Elton
- World Environment Day is celebrated on 5th June
- SO2 and NO2 are the gases responsible for acid rain
- Reduction of nitrates and nitrites to nitrogen by microorganisms is denitrification
- A wooden wetland in which water is near or above ground level is swamp
- Rapid growth of algae in surface waters due to an increase in inorganic nutrients is algal bloom
- A chemical or physical agent that causes Cancer is a carcinogen
- Accumulation of nutrients in a lake or pond due to human intervention or natural process is eutrophication
- Agriculture in which several plant species are grown simultaneously to reduce insect infestation and disease is hetero culture
- Troposphere is up to 15 km from the Earth surface upwards
- The stratosphere is 15 to 45 km from the surface of the earth upwards
- Mesosphere is the layer between stratosphere and thermosphere
- The ionosphere is resting about the mesosphere up to the height of about 130 km earth surface
- Inter tidal zones are the area of shoreline between low and high
- Pollutant free alternative to petrol for automobiles is propane
- The gas does not pollute air is nitrogen dioxide
- The core of lithosphere mainly consists of calcium and magnesium
- Microorganism responsible for formation of H2S is De sulfovibrio vulgaris
- NO2 gas contributes least in the greenhouse
- The gas responsible for Bhopal gas tragedy is methyl isocyanate
- Fungi are plant that lack oxygen
- Biodegradable water can be converted to useful substances with the help of earthworms
- The reason inhibited by living organisms on land ocean in atmosphere is biosphere
- Phototrops are the plants which produce food themselves through photosynthesis
- Grassland ecosystem producers are of large size
- The first major human source of air pollution was fire
- Moment of matter within are between ecosystem is called biochemical cycle
- Most poisonous pollutant is arsenic
- Swine Flu disease is caused by virus h1n1
- Colorless and non crossing air pollutant is SO2
- Sphere of water is called hydrosphere
- The microbacteria which live only in presence of free oxygen is aerobic
- The microbial count of portable water should be less than <100 cfu per ml
- Microorganism responsible for the conversion of co to CO2 is acetobacter.
- Sources of soil pollutants are herbicides pesticides and weedicides
- DDT is an agrochemical
- The term ecology was first defined by the German biologist earnest haeckel in the year 1866
- Maximum concentration of ozone is found in lower stratosphere
- Global warming is mainly due to greenhouse gases
- Forest conservation act was made in the year 1980
- The test which has self purification capacity of water bodies bod test
- Salt efflorescences is the accumulation of excessive salt in the soil system which makes soil unfit for cultivation
- Fluoride pollution mainly effects teeth
- Hydrocarbons present in the air are primary air pollutants which are aromatics napthalenes, olefines and paraffins
- Chromium is a metal toxic in drinking water even at low concentration
- Bacteria that obtains both energy and material from organic sources is heterotrophs
- The specific gravity of sewage is slightly more than one
- Most commonly used disinfectant in water purification is chlorine
- Instrument used for measuring the concentration of ozone in air is ozonometer
- Wind speed is measured by anemometer
- The term ecosystem was coined and developed by Arthur G Tansley
- The organism who eat dead organic matter are decomposers
- Operate pyramid of biomass in forest ecosystem is producer- herbivorous- carnivorous.
- In bugs, forewings are modified into hemelytra.
- Hind wings in bugs are membranous.
- In flies, hind wings are reduced to halteres.
- IISR-Varada, IISR-Rejatha, and IISR-Mahima are varieties of dry ginger.
- The isotherm is an imaginary line representing equal temperature.
- Imbibition concept was coined by Julius von Sachs.
- Immobile element in plants is calcium.
- Immobile element in soil is phosphorus.
- Imperator is a carrot variety.
- Imperial Agricultural Research Institute was started in 1903.
- Yellowing of lower leaves indicates nitrogen deficiency.
- In a seed, the food storage tissue is called endosperm/cotyledon.
- In a soil profile, 'A' & 'B' horizons together are called solum.
- In a soil profile, the A2 horizon is referred to as the eluvial zone.
- A3, B1, & B3 horizons in a soil profile are known as transitional layers.
- Linseed is grown for both fiber and oil.
- In India, nearly 45% of crop loss is due to weeds.
- Around 80% of plant protection chemicals used in India are insecticides.
- Community Development Programme in India started in 1952.
- Seed certification in India is voluntary.
- Seed labeling in India is compulsory.
- The Seeds Act came into effect in India in 1969.
- Pusa Sanyog is a cucumber variety.
- In lowland rice, fertilizer is applied in the reduced zone only.
- In LSD, rows, columns, and treatments are equal to replications.
- Bacteria and actinomycetes thrive better in soils with intermediate & higher pH values.
- The most critical irrigation stage in paddy is panicle initiation.
- In pesticide formulations, 'AF' stands for aqua flowable.
- In insects undergoing complete metamorphosis, the stage between larva and adult is called pupa/chrysalis.
- Control operations for Lepidopteran pests should target the larval stage.
- In diffusion, particles move from higher to lower concentration regions.
- Drip irrigation saves 50-70% of water.
- Evapotranspiration involves water loss from soil and plant surfaces.
- Grasshoppers have 18 spiracles.
- Fertile males in honeybee colonies are called drones.
- Humus has a C ratio of 10:1.
- Imperial Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) was started at Pusa in Bihar in 1903.
- Around 20% of crop loss in India is caused by diseases.
- Around 30% of crop loss in India is caused by insects.
- In the rag doll method of testing seed germination, flannel cloths used are sized 35cm × 27.5cm.
- In RBD, the number of blocks is equal to the number of replications (b = r).
- Bacterial leaf blight in rice is caused by Xanthomonas spp (bacteria).
- Dapog seedlings in rice are ready for transplanting at 11-14 DAS.
- India ranks 2nd in rice production.
- Chandrasankara is the hybrid variety of coconut recommended for root wilt affected areas.
- In seed technology, ‘PBR’ stands for Plant Breeders Rights.
- In seed technology, ‘PLS’ means Pure Live Seed.
- In seed technology, ‘TLS’ refers to Truthfully Labelled Seeds.
- Soil sampling collects soil up to a depth of 9 inches from the surface.
- In soil science, ‘WHC’ means Water Holding Capacity.
- Polythene sheets used in soil solarization are of 100-150 gauge thickness.
- In pesticidal formulations, ‘DP’ means Dustable Powder.
- In pesticidal formulations, ‘EC’ stands for Emulsifiable Concentrate.
- In pesticidal formulations, ‘G’ means Granule.
- In pesticidal formulations, ‘SL’ means Soluble Liquid.
- In pesticidal formulations, ‘SP’ refers to Soluble Powder.
- In pesticidal formulations, ‘WP’ means Wettable Powder.
- In pesticidal formulations, ‘WSC’ stands for Water Soluble Concentrate.
- In plant pathology, ‘MLO’ means Mycoplasma Like Organism.
- In plant protection, ‘Bt’ refers to Bacillus thuringiensis.
- In plant protection, ‘GV’ stands for Granulosis Virus.
- In plant tissue culture, ‘HEPA’ means High Efficiency Particulate Air.
- In the Northern Hemisphere, Stevenson’s screen door opens towards the North.
- In the Northern Hemisphere, wind moves around anticyclones in a clockwise direction.
- In the Northern Hemisphere, wind moves around cyclones in an anticlockwise direction.
- Rice plant leaves are arranged in an alternate manner.
- In the Southern Hemisphere, wind moves around anticyclones in an anticlockwise direction.
- In the Southern Hemisphere, wind moves around cyclones in a clockwise direction.
- In the term ‘LC 50’, LC stands for Lethal Concentration.
- In the term ‘LD 50’, LD stands for Lethal Dose.
- In waterlogged rice fields, atmospheric nitrogen can be fixed to the soil by BGA.
- Mitosis occurs in somatic cells.
- Meiosis occurs in reproductive cells.
- Producers are of large size in grassland ecosystems.
- The IW/CPE ratio of rice is 1.2 (highest).
- In soil testing laboratories, the flame photometric method estimates potassium.
- In soil testing laboratories, the Brays method is used for estimating phosphorus.
- Gypsum requirements in soil testing are found using Schoonorvar’s method.
- Organic carbon in soil testing is estimated using the calometric method.
- Soil nitrogen content is calculated from organic carbon.
- CO2 content is generally higher during summer and lower during winter in soil.
- Particle density of mineral soil is expressed in gram/cc.
- In strip plot design, the interaction is tested with higher precision.
- The most critical irrigation stage for sugarcane is formative.
- Nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide account for about 99% of the atmosphere.
- Increasing industrialization is causing much danger to man’s life by polluting the environment.
- India has an arable land of 168 million hectares.
- India has the largest area in the world under pulse crops.