Genetics and Plant Breeding ARS NET (Previous Year Questions)

Q.1. A method of breeding most commonly used when the desired variation is required to be induced in a vegetatively propagated crop is:
a. Polyploidy
b. Mutation breeding
c. Pedigree method of breeding
d. Backcross method of breeding
Answer: b

Q.2. A plant bearing both male and female flowers is said to be:
a. Dioccious
b. Monoccious
c. Polygamous
d. None of above
Answer: b

Q.3. A plant breeder is interested to control pollination to:
a. Prevent cross-pollination
b. Control pollination
c. None of these
d. Both of these
Answer: d

Q.4. A plant cell when put into a hypotonic solution, it unlike animal cell does not burst because:
a. It has no semi-permeable membrane
b. It has inelastic cell wall
c. It has Chloroplast
d. It has different genetic material
Answer: b

Q.5. A plant with $2n=20$ will have how many linkage groups:
a. 20
b. 10
c. 40
d. 05
Answer: b

Q.6. A plant with genotype Gg Ww will produce gametes of which of the following types:
a. GW, gw, gW, Gw
b. GG, WW, gg, ww
c. Gw, GG, GW
d. All of them
Answer: a

Q.7. A restorer gene is present in:
a. Nucleus
b. Cytoplasm
c. Both (a) & (b)
d. Mitochondria
Answer: a

Q.8. A state of meiotic cell division when homologous chromosomes separate and move to different poles is known as:
a. Metaphase I
b. Anaphase I
c. Telophase I
d. Anaphase II
Answer: b

Q.9. With four bases A, U, G, and C, the possible number of triplet codons are 64. If there is no uracil, the number of codons will be:
a. 3
b. 9
c. 27
d. None of above
Answer: c

Q.10. Wind pollination is also known as:
a. Anemophily
b. Entomophily
c. Zoophily
d. Hydrophily
Answer: a

Q.11. Acclimatization is:
a. A process of adjustment by crop plants to environment
b. Related with the clay
c. Removal of female parts of a flower
d. Changing of climatical condition
Answer: a

Q.12. Albinism in plants is associated with:
a. Epistasis
b. Recessive lethal
c. Dominant lethal
d. Chromosome duplication
Answer: b

Q.13. Alternative forms of a gene is known as:
a. Mutation
b. Gamete
c. Allele
d. Genotype
Answer: c

Q.14. An anticodon is a sequence of three nitrogenous bases found on:
a. DNA
b. mRNA
c. rRNA
d. tRNA
Answer: d

Q.15. An endospermic cell of a seed after somatic chromosome number (2n = 20) will have:
a. 30 Chromosomes
b. 20 Chromosomes
c. 10 Chromosomes
d. 40 Chromosomes
Answer: a

Q.16. An individual having different alleles for any gene pair and producing two kinds of gametes is known as:
a. Hemizygous
b. Homozygous
c. Heterozygous
d. Heterogenous
Answer: c

Q.17. An organism with one extra chromosome (2n + 1), instead of the normal diploid (2n), is known as:
a. Monoploid
b. Monosomic
c. Trisomic
d. Tetrasomic
Answer: c

Q.18. Ascending portion of the axis of the plant, developing directly from the plumule and bears leaves, branches, and flowers is known as:
a. Root
b. Stem
c. Modified root
d. None of above
Answer: b

Q.19. At the molecular level, point mutations are due to:
a. Destruction of the bases
b. Destruction of the double helix
c. Shifting of a portion of the helix and bases
d. Alterations of sequences of base in DNA
Answer: d

Q.20. Bulk population breeding is suitable for:
a. Fruit crops
b. Vegetable
c. Small grains
d. Flower crops
Answer: c